KINGDOM 1 BACTERIA SECTION 6-2 Flashcards
What is the cellular structure of bacteria?
Bacteria are unicellular organisms.
What type of cell classification do bacteria fall under?
Bacteria are prokaryotes.
How old are the oldest known fossils of bacteria?
The oldest known fossils of bacteria are approximately 3.5 billion years old.
What are the structural components of bacteria? (Choose all that apply) a) Cell Membrane and/or Cell Wall
b) DNA and Ribosomes
c) Flagella
ALL OF THE ABOVE
How do bacteria reproduce asexually?
Bacteria reproduce asexually through a process called binary fission, which involves cloning.
Describe the sexual reproduction method in bacteria.
Bacteria reproduce sexually through conjugation, where they exchange DNA via structures called pili.
What is the function of pili in bacterial reproduction?
Pili are tubes that facilitate the exchange of DNA between bacteria during conjugation.
What does the term “Archaebacteria” translate to, and what are their characteristics?
a) What does “Archaebacteria” mean?
Answer: “Archaebacteria” translates to “ancient bacteria.”
b) How do they respond to antibiotics?
Answer: They are not affected by antibiotics.
c) In what kind of environments can they survive?
Describe the main characteristics of Eubacteria.
a) How common are they compared to Archaebacteria?
Answer: Eubacteria are more common than Archaebacteria.
b) What significant contribution did their ancestors make to the Earth?
Answer: Their ancestors, particularly cyanobacteria, created free oxygen through photosynthesis.
Name some diseases caused by Eubacteria.
Answer: Enteric bacteria, also known as probiotics, aid in digestion within the intestines.
What role do enteric bacteria play in the human body?
Answer: Enteric bacteria, also known as probiotics, aid in digestion within the intestines.
Why do doctors need to understand the different types of bacterial cell walls?
Answer: Different types of cell walls indicate different diseases, so doctors use this information to choose the appropriate antibiotics.
What is an antibiotic and what does it do?
An antibiotic is a medicine that kills organisms such as bacteria, but it does not affect viruses.
Explain the role of bacteria in nutrient cycles.
a)Decomposers(N, C)
b)Producers
Photosynthesis(C, O)
Chemosynthesis(C,O)
c) Nitrogen Fixation
d)Environmental Clean Up
What are the two types of interactions bacteria can have with other organisms?
Bacteria can engage in mutualism, where both organisms benefit, or parasitism, where the bacteria benefit at the expense of the host.
