Part 5: London - challenges and opportunities Flashcards
- Why did East London decline?
a. The docks closed down
- What is deindustrialisation?
a. When factories and docks close
- How many people in London worked in factories and docks in 1971?
a. 30%
- How many people in London worked in factories and docks in 2001?
a. 7.5%
- How many people were unemployed in East London after the docks closed?
a. 60%
- What is depopulation?
a. When the population of a place decreases
- How many people left London because they lost their jobs?
a. 500,000
- What is dereliction?
a. When buildings are left empty and are vandalised
- What are suburbs?
a. The edge of the city
- What is suburbanisation?
a. When people move to the suburbs
- Why can people move to the suburbs?
a. Better transport e.g. the underground
- How many people moved out of London between 1951 and 1981?
a. 1.5 million people
- What is decentralisation?
a. When businesses move to the edge of the city
- What are shops built when they decentralise?
a. Out of town shopping centres e.g. Bluewater
b. Retail Parks
- Where do offices go when they decentralise?
a. Business parks
- What is e-commerce?
a. Buying on the internet
- What happens to shops in the central business district and inner suburbs when there is decentralisation?
a. Close
- What happens to shops in the central business district and inner suburbs when people shop online more?
a. Close
- Where have shops moved back into the centre of London?
a. Westfield
- What is urban sprawl?
a. When a city takes up more space
- Has London taken up more space?
a. Yes
- What is counter-urbanisation?
a. When people move just outside London e.g. Hertfordshire
- What is suburbanisation
a. When people move to the edge of London e.g. Barnet
- How many children did the average family have in 1961?
a. 3
- How many children did the average family have in 2011?
a. 1.6
- Why are there more single people?
a. Divorce
b. People get married later
- What has happened to the size of people’s houses?
a. They have become bigger
- How did the government try to stop cities growing more?
a. Greenbelt
- What is greenbelt?
a. Land around the city where you are not allowed to build
- What is re-urbanisation?
a. When a city grows again
- What is regeneration?
a. When a derelict part of the city is rebuilt
- What is a brownfield site?
a. Derelict land which can be built on
- Who has built big buildings in East London
a. TNCs e.g. HSBC
- What sort of skilled jobs have been created by TNCs in East London?
a. Banking
b. IT
b. IT
35. What sort of unskilled jobs have been created by TNCs in East London?
a. Cleaning
b. Waiters
- What is gentrification?
a. When richer people move into poorer
- How does gentrification change an area?
a. Houses improved
b. More expensive restaurants
- Give an example of a place in London which has been gentrified
a. Hackney
- What is studentification?
a. When lots of students come to live in an area
- How does studentification change an area?
a. More people rent houses
b. More shops and pubs for students
