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CIB014 SERIOUS CRIME MODULE > Part 5 - Homicide and Serious Crime Victims > Flashcards

Part 5 - Homicide and Serious Crime Victims Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three elements of a homicide?

A

Answer:
Location, Victim, Suspect

Prompt - “Let’s Visit Spain”

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2
Q

What are the responsibilities of OC Body?

Hint:
S. C. E. N. E R. E. N. A. S. A. A. A. E. P. A. A. E

A

Answer:
Secure and guard the body

Complete sudden death procedures

Establish if the body has been moved or disturbed

Note and record observations relating to the body

Ensure death has been certified by a doctor or qualified paramedic Use POL265

Record what actions have been taken by any party in respect of the body

Ensure the body is photographed “in situ”. Consider using video

Note details of medical staff or others who attended the victim

Arrange transportation of the body to the mortuary on authority of OC Investigation

Security and continuity of the body, samples and exhibits

Arrange formal identification on authority of OC Investigation

Attend the post mortem examination with OC Investigation

Attend briefing with the pathologist

Ensure police photographer takes appropriate and sufficient photos of the body before clothing is removed and after and during post-mortem

Preserve evidence from the body

Arrange fingerprints and palm prints

Attend debrief by the pathologist

Ensure all cultural responsibilities have been addressed

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3
Q

In regards to initial response, Should a police officer assume a person is dead at a scene?

A

Answer:

No unless the circumstances are such that no other conclusion is possible. Body decapitated or badly decomposed

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4
Q

Who must certify a death?

A

Answer:

A qualified medical practitioner or qualified paramedic

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5
Q

Should the body be moved. If yes what is the circumstance?

A

Answer:
NO. Unless it is an emergency situation.

OC investigation must give the authority to move the body

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6
Q

Why might a pathologist and/or the Crown Solicitor attend the scene to view the body?

A

Answer:
To gain an understanding and interpretation of the injuries to the victim.

Should the on-call pathologist not be able to attend the scene a local pathologist may be required

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7
Q

If consulting experts What consideration should be made before the body is moved?

A

Answer:

An appreciation must be made of what value experts could contribute to the examination of the body

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8
Q

List what key considerations are included when establishing information gathering about the victim?

Hint:
S. H. I. P. A. T. S. E. A

A

Answer:
Special evidential expectations
History of the body - includes medical history, drugs at scene
Identity of the body
Photographs/video at the scene
Actions of first responders
Timeframes related to finding the body
Scopes and priorities of the investigation
Environmental factors at the scene. eg. Weather
Additional information received from other experts

S.H.I.P A.T. S.E.A

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9
Q

What 11 points should be covered in appreciation prior to body removal?

Hint:
N. O. S. C. R. U. B. S. S. F. C

A

Answer:
Notification and response from Coroner

Opinions of pathologist and ESR forensic scientist

Supervision of the body removal

Chain of custody of body to mortuary

Requirements for any examination prior to removal

Use of stepping plates

Best method and route for body removal

Safe custody of exhibits

Standard operating procedures for protective clothing used at scene

Family and cultural considerations

Consultation with other relevant experts

N. O. S. C. R. U. B. S. S. F. C

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10
Q

What must you NOT DO when you have established the body has been moved?

What should you do in this circumstance?

A

Answer:
Do not attempt to restore the scene ot its original unchanged condition

Answer:
Make enquiries to enable the original unchanged scene to be reconstructed and photographed

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11
Q

Who should be consulted and In what circumstances should samples be taken from the body?

Hint:
E. P. I. C

What is the reason for this?

What are some examples?

Hint:
L. I. F. E DNA. F.R

A 
Answer:
Only on consultation with 
ESR staff
PATHOLOGIST 
INVESTIGATION OC
CRIME SCENE coordinator

Answer:
Where evidence would otherwise be lost or contaminated by moving the body

Answer:
LARVAE and INSECTS. L. I.

Potential FINGERPRINT EVIDENCE from the skin on the body of the victim or clothing worn on the body. F. E

DNA swabs

FIREARM RESIDUE samples

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12
Q

What are the 11 actions for recording and removal of the body?

Hint:
M. R. S. C. C. A. R. W. A. S. H

A

Answer:
1. SKETCH the position of body. Photograph

  1. Consider MARKING position of body before moving it. That is measuring the distance from at least two nearby fixed features
3. RECORD
Position of limbs
Appearance of body
Wounds
Description of Clothing
Direction of blood trails on body
Lividity
Extent of Rigor Mortis
  1. HEALTH risks presented in handling the body, hygiene
  2. COVER hands, head and feet with paper bags to prevent trace evidence being lost Use wide tape not rubber bands
  3. Ensure CLOTHING is not contaminated with foreign objects
  4. WRAP the body in a plastic sheet and place in the body bag
  5. Carefully SEARCH underneath where the body lay
  6. RETAIN as exhibits all sheets, bags or other materials used to transport the body
  7. Obtain APPROVAL from the OC Investigation to remove the body from the scene
  8. When approval given to move body ARRANGE a contracted undertaker to remove the body to the mortuary.

Account for the SECURITY and CONTINUITY of the body at all times

Marking
Record
Sketch

Clothing
Cover
Approval
Retain

Wrap
Arrange
Search
Health

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13
Q

List the 9 considerations that should be made in an appreciation prior to post Mortem?

Hint:
I. A. P. A. C. S. R. F. S

A

Answer:
- IDENTIFICATION of the body at the mortuary
- AUTHORITY from the coroner to conduct Post Mortem
PATHOLOGIST consultation
- Identifying who should ATTEND the PM
Safe CUSTODY of exhibits
Specific need required for examination of SAMPLES
RESOURCES at the PM for packaging exhibits and taking photographs
FAMILY and/or cultural consideration arising from Post Mortem
Any likely requirement for a SECOND or subsequent post Mortem

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14
Q

What is the primary role of OC Body in a Post Mortem?

A

Answer:
To
OBSERVE, DOCUMENT and DEAL with exhibits associated with the body in a structured methodical manner

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15
Q

What is the OC Body checklist used for in the OC Body folder?

A

Answer:

This is an aid memoire to ensure all relevant post mortem procedures are conducted

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16
Q

What is the primary purpose of a Post Mortem?

A

Answer:

To establish the cause of death.

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17
Q

What must the OC body do until the examination is concluded?

A

Answer:

Remain until the examination is concluded and note the findings of the pathologist during the Debrief

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18
Q

Who may attend the Post Mortem?

Hint:
P. C. P. D.

Who else must obtain approval from the Coroner to attend a PM?

Hint:
O. D. D. C. E. O.

A 
Answer:
Pathologist
Coroner
Police
Doctor who treated the deceased

Answer:
Other pathologist assisting - If authorised by coroner (IABC)
Doctor, nurse or funeral director representing the deceased (IABC)
Dentist (IABC)
Crown Solicitor (TSAFC)
ESR forensic scientist (TSAFC)
Other doctor or trainee doctor (IABC)

19
Q

What Police staff should attend a PM?

Hint:
D. S. P. O. O

A 
Answer:
Designated exhibits officer of PM if required
SOCO Fingerprint officer
Police Photography
OC Investigation
OC Body
20
Q

What other experts may be used to consult regardng the conduct of a PM?

Hint:
C. A. T. B. O. M. B. E. D

A 
Answer:
Crime Scene Examiner
Anthropologist
Toxicologist
Ballistics Expert
Odontologist
Medical Illustrator
Biologist
Entomologist
Disaster Victim Recovery
21
Q

What information can be provided from the post Mortem?

Hint:
M. I. N. D. A. I. D

A

Answer:
Mode and time of death

Injuries or events at the scene have contributed towards the death of a victim

Nature and size of any weapons used

Determining approximate height and structure of the suspect

Areas of interest for subsequent interviews of witnesses suspects

Identifying the victim, if identify has not been established

Defenses negated

22
Q

What equipment is required during a post Mortem examination?

Hint:

BL. B. E. E. F. N. P(4) T.

A

Answer:
Toxicology kit

Body label

Notebook and pens for you slowly during the post more them

Scene exhibit schedule form

Copy of the completed POL47

POL265 a deceased person identification

The packaging supplies envelopes tape labels
Protective clothing paper suit gloves carbon fiber masks

Photographs from the scene showing the body in situ

Where available exhibit numbers for the post Mortem

Prepared exhibit labels being allocated numbers

Roll brown paper for placing layers between Folds of any bloodstained clothing

Firearms Residue Kit

23
Q

Should weapons be taken to the mortuary?

A

Answer:

Weapons must not be taken to the mortuary until after the postmortem examination has been conducted

24
Q

In Maori culture What must be done as soon as possible in relation to a death and the body?

What must the OC Body, police and Coronal service ensure when dealing with a Maori victim?

Hint:
I. W. E. B. S.

A

Answer:
A IWI liaison officer must be engaged as early as possible
WILL support an understanding and awareness of Maori traditions protocols and beliefs and
ENHANCE relations between investigations, family and deceased

Answer:
BE committed to fulfilling obligations as a Treaty partner and must

SHOW that Maori have culturally appropriate services when dealing with human remains

OC body will contribute to building positive relationships between investigation team, the family and the Maori community

25
Q

What is the meaning of Ti Kanga Maori?

What does Tupapaku mean?

What does koiwi mean?

A

Answer:
Cultural values of Maori

Answer:
Deceased person

Answer:
Bones

26
Q

What is the procedure on arrival at the mortuary for OC body?

Hint:
E. E. R. E. A

A

Answer:
Ensure Mortuary staff do not wash the body

Ensure the body is labelled and secured in the secure Mortuary Fridge

Retain any key used to secure the body until it is required for the Post Mortem

Ensure the body remains in its present condition until the commencement of the Post Mortem

Arrange formal identification of the body

27
Q

What are the methods available of establishing the identity of the deceased?

Hint:
F.D. F. D. E. M. P. P

A 
Answer:
Fingerprints
DNA sampling profiling
Facial reconstruction
Dental records available through region forensic dentistry advisor
Eye Examination records
Medical examination records including scars birth marks implants all Prosthetics x-rays surgical rooms amputations and tattoos
Personal effects
28
Q

When skeletal remains are found What information can the assistance of a forensic anthropologist provide?

A

Answer:
Whether the remains are actually bones
Whether the bones are human
The age gender height and race of the person

29
Q

List 3 things an OC investigation or deputy appointed by them does before the Post Mortem examination?

A

Answer:
Fully brief the pathologist of the circumstances of the death

Outline a plan for the Post Mortem

Inform OC body attending of any specific samples required to be taken during the Post Mortem

30
Q

What must the pathologist be supplied with?

A

Answer:
Copy of the notification to the coroner POL47

Comprehensive photographs and video recordings taken at the scene

Medical examination kit

Medical records of the deceased where available

Toxicology kit

31
Q

Should the OC Body make notes during the PM?

A

Answer:
No. No notes of any discussions concerning the PM examination are to be made unless specifically directed by the OC Investigations/and or the pathologist

32
Q

What are the 12 steps to stripping the body?

Hint:
M. R. R. T. P. R. M. L. S. E. M. I

A

Answer:
1. Must only be stripped in the presence of the pathologist

  1. Remove the body from the mortuary fridge
  2. Remove the body from the bag, causing minimal disturbance to the body
  3. Take possession of the body bag and any sheets and wrappings as exhibits
  4. Police photographer to take photographs before clothing from body is removed and after it is disrobed
  5. Remove items of clothing from the body. Mortuary technicians may assist but only under the supervision and direction of the OC investigation

Avoiding cutting clothing if possible
Search clothing pockets and make inventory of the pocket contents

  1. Make an inventory of clothing and possessions as removed
  2. Label each item of clothing and each possession
  3. Seal each item in a separate paper bag or container
  4. Ensure exhibits do not cross contaminate
  5. Maintain security and continuity
  6. In cases involving head trauma, before blood and debris washed off. Consider using fine sieve to collect potential evidence
33
Q

When should photographs of the body at a PM be taken and of what?

A

Answer:
Before it is stripped
After it is stripped

Close up photos of wounds, abrasions, bruising, marks

Include a scale next to feature being photographed

34
Q

Apart from photographs of the body what other imaging options are available?

In what circumstances may these be useful?

A

Answer:
CT scans (computed tomography) or CAT scans
X-rays

Answer:
Badly burnt or decomposed bodies
Suspected non accidental injury in children
Deaths involving firearms or explosives

35
Q

In cases involving strangulation what technology can be used?

A

Answer:

Poly-light examination should be considered to aid location of fibres, bruises and/or fingerprints

36
Q

What should a pathologists examination procedures cover?

A

Answer:
Records a description of the body including height, weight, build , eye colour and hair

Records the body’s external appearance (front and back) including injuries, bruises, scars, discolouration and imperfections

Uses specialist kits for collecting evidence samples where appropriate. eg, urine, blood, MEK, Toxicology, Firearms discharge residue, ESR post mortem kit.

37
Q

In relation to exhibits what is the OC Body responsible for at a PM?

Hint:
R. L, P. S. S. APE

A

Answer:
Responsible for recording, labelling, packaging, sealing and securing all physical exhibits

Example may include
ballistics projectiles
Foreign items such as hairs, fibres, blood or semen on or in the body
Ligatures - any knot present on a ligature must not be cut or undone (may undergo a knot examination)

38
Q

List 5 actions of the OC Body after a PM that they must provide to OC Exhibits?

Hint:
W. H. E. N. S

A

Answer:
Any WET or damp exhibits must be dried in a controlled environment
OC Body must HAND all exhibits to OC Exhibits
Have a PM EXHIBIT schedule available
Provide copies of OC Body’s NOTEBOOK
STATEMENT provide FWS

39
Q

What must be present in preparing the sudden death file?

A

Answer:
Statement/s relating to the last person/s to see the victim alive
Copy of POL47
Copy of POL47A if infant
Copy of Deceased person certificate POL265
Copy of Deceased Person Identification POL265A

40
Q

Who is responsible for releasing the body to the next of kin?

A

The OC investigation is to confirm that the PM process is concluded and that the body is no longer required
Without delay the Coroner must be requested to make an order to release the body to the NOK

41
Q

If tissue samples are taken from the body should the family be informed?

A

Answer:

Yes. Views from the family on disposal of the samples no longer required must be discussed with the family

42
Q

What kind of samples may be taken from the body?

Hint:
S. O. U. L. B. B. L. O. H. N

A

Answer:
STOMACH contents. Last meal may assist with TOD
OCULAR fluid. Eye fluid tested as it may indicate levels of drug and alcohol
URINE. Used for screening of toxicology tests
LIVER. Used in similar way to bile

BLOOD

BILE. May be taken for toxicology examination. May indicate drugs present a few hours before death
LUNGS. Can help determine if accelerants used in fire related deaths
ORGANS. studied with naked eye for injuries or natural disease
HAIR from head and Pubic area . DNA profile or control against other hair
NASAL Cavities. considered in case where victim has been killed or located outside for pollen analysis

43
Q

What is the primary responsibility of the OC Body at a Post Mortem?

A

Answer:

To Observe, Document and Deal with exhibits associated to the body in a structured methodical manner

CIB014 SERIOUS CRIME MODULE (9 decks)

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