part 5

Question 1

What are the spina bifida clinical manifestations at the level of T1-T12?

Answer 1

flaccid lower extremities
decreased sensation
lack of bowel control

Question 2

What are the spina bifida clinical manifestations at the level of L1-L3?

Answer 2

hip flexion

flail feet

Question 3

What are the spina bifida clinical manifestations at the level of L2-L4?

Answer 3

hip adduction

Question 4

What are the spina bifida clinical manifestations at the level of L3-S2?

Answer 4

hip adduction
hip extension
knee flexion

Question 5

What are the spina bifida clinical manifestations at the level of S3 and below?

Answer 5

no motor impairment

Question 6

What is the usual level of spina bifida occulta?

Answer 6

usually lumbosacral

L5 to S1

Question 7

What are the skin indicators of spina bifida occulta?

Answer 7

-sacral dimple
-sacral angioma or port wine nevus
-sacral tufts of dark hair
-sacral lipoma
(can be absent, single indicator or in combination)

Question 8

What is spina bifida occulta tethered cord?

Answer 8

• abnormal adhesion to a bony or fixed structure

- puts traction on the cord

Question 9

What are the S&S of spina bifida occulta with a tethered cord?

Answer 9

traction on the cords causes: 
-altered gait
-bowel and bladder problems 
-foot deformities 
(may not be seen in early infancy)

Question 10

Visible defects with external saclike protrusion.

-What are the 2 types?

Answer 10

Spina Bifida Cystica

• meningocele
• myelomeningocele