Part 4 - #91-120

Question 1

Meta cognition

Answer 1

Knowledge about your own thinking: the thoughts and the factors that influence your thinking.

Question 2

Metaphor

Answer 2

A figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the others, suggesting some similarity. Metaphorical language makes writing more vivid, imaginative, thought provoking, and meaningful.

Question 3

Metonymy

Answer 3

A term from the greek meaning “changed label” or “substitute name” metonymy is a figure of speech in which the name of one objects is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. A news release the claims “the white house declared” rather that “the president declared” is using metonymy. The substituted term generally carries more potent emotional impact.

Question 4

Mood

Answer 4

This terms has two distinct technical meanings in English writing. The first meaning is grammatical and deals with verbal units and a speakers attitude. The indicative mood is used only for factual sentences. For example, “joe eats too quickly.” The subjunctive mood is used to express conditions contrary to fact. For example, “shut the door!” The second meaning of mood is literary, meaning the prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work, setting, tone, and events can affect the mood. In this usage, mood is similar to tone and atmosphere.

Question 5

Narrative

Answer 5

The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events. A narrative may be offered in support of a thesis, claim, or point.

Question 6

Noun

Answer 6

A word that identifies a person, place, thing, or idea.

Question 7

Oxymoron

Answer 7

From the greek for “pointedly foolish,” an oxymoron is a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox. Simple examples include “jumbo shrimp” and “cruel kindness.” This term does not usually appear in the multiple- choice questions, but there is a chance that you might find it in an essay. Take note of the effect which the author achieves with this term.

Question 8

Marginalia

Answer 8

Another word for anecdotal scripting, marginalia is a term for the notes that a writer scripts in the margins of a text.

Question 9

Paradox

Answer 9

A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity.

Question 10

Parallelism

Answer 10

Also referred to as parallel construction or parallel structure, this term comes from greek roots meaning “beside one another.” It refers to: 1.e grammatical or rhetoric framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity. This can involve, but is not limited to, repetition of a grammatical element such a a preposition or verbal phrase. A famous example of parallelism begins charles dickens novel A Tale Of Two Cities: “it was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity” the effects of parallelism are numerous, but frequently they act as an organization force to attract the readers attention, add emphasis and organization, or simply provide a musical rhythm.

Question 11

Parody

Answer 11

A work that closely imitates the style or context of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule. As comedy, parody distorts or exaggerates distinctive features of the original. As ridicule it mimics the work by repeating and borrowing word, phrases, or characteristics in order to illuminate weaknesses in the original. Well-written parodies offer enlightenment about the original, but poorly written ones only offer ineffectual imitation. Usually an audience must grasp literary allusion amd understand the work being parodied in order to fully appreciate the nuances of the newer work. Occasionally, however, parodies take on a life of their own and not not require knowledge of the original.

Question 12

Pathos

Answer 12

The quality or power in an actual life experience or in literature, music, speech, or other forms of expression, of evoking a feeling of pity pr compassion. When a writer or speaker argues with emotion rather than logic. Also called emotional appeal.

Question 13

Pedantic

Answer 13

An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish.

Question 14

Periodic sentence

Answer 14

A sentence that presents its central meaning in its main clause at the end. This independent clause in preceded by a phrase or clause that cannot stand alone. For example: “ecstatic with my SAT score, I let out a loud joyful shout.!” The effect of a periodic sentence is to add emphasis and structural variety. It is also a much stronger sentence than the loose sentences.

Question 15

Personification

Answer 15

A figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions. Personification is used to make these abstractions, animals, or objects appear more vivid to the reader.

Question 16

Perspective

Answer 16

Refers to the point from which a reader or writer views a particular subject or idea. For example, looking at homework from the point of view of a student differs from the perspective of a teacher.

Question 17

Plagiarism

Answer 17

Using another persons words or ideas in ones own work, without acknowledgement.

Question 18

Point of view

Answer 18

In literature, the perspective from which a story is told, there are two general divisions of point of view- and many subdivisions within those. (1) the first person narrator tells the story with the first person pronoun, “I” and is a character in the story. This narrator can be the protagonist. A participant (chatacter in a secondary role), or an observer (a character who merely watches the action). (2) the third person narrator relates the events with the third person pronouns, “he,” “she,” and “it.” There are two main subdivisions to be aware of: omniscient and limited omniscient. In the “third person omniscient p” point of view, the narrator, with godlike knowledge, presents the thoughts and actions of any or all characters. This all-knowing narrator can reveal what each character feels and thinks at any given moment. The “third person limited omniscient” point of view, as its name implies, presents the feelings and thoughts of only one character, presenting only the actions of all remaining characters. This definition applies in questions in the multiple-choice section.

Question 19

Predicate adjective

Answer 19

One type of subject complement–an adjective, group of adjectives, or adjective clause that follows a linking verb. It is in predicate of the sentence, and modifies, or describes, the subject.

Question 20

Predicate nominative

Answer 20

A second type of subject complement–a noun, group of nouns, or noun clause that renames the subject. It, like the predicate adjective, follows a linking verb and is located in the predicate of the sentence.

Question 21

Preposition

Answer 21

A word or phrase that precedes a noun or pronoun and indicates a relation from that word to another word or phrase in a sentence.

Question 22

Primary source

Answer 22

Original records created, in addition, if a writer is preparing an analysis of a literary text such as a novel or a poem, that literary text is a primary source. Time historical events occurred or after events in the form of memoirs and oral histories. Primary sources may include letters, manuscripts, diaries, journals, newspaper, speeches, interviews, memoirs, documents produced by government agencies such as congress, photographs, audio/video recording, and research data. May also include data or information acquired personally by the researcher through surveys or interviews.

Question 23

Pronoun

Answer 23

A word the replaces a noun and stands for a person, place, thing, or idea.

Question 24

Prose

Answer 24

One of the major divisions to genre, prose refers to fiction and nonfiction, including all my ts forms. In prose the printer determines the length of the line; in poetry, the poet determines the length of the line.

Question 25

Persuasion

Answer 25

The changing of people’s minds or actions by an effective use of language.

Question 26

Quotation

Answer 26

The inclusion of the words of another in one’s work, indicated by surrounding quotation marks. Used to convey a sense of the person who wrote or spoke those words, or to reproduce a phrase or sentence or more that perfectly captures some meaning the writer wishes to convey or to borrow some authority from an expert or eyewitness.

Question 27

Reflection

Answer 27

Careful thought, especially the process of reconsidering previous actions, events, or decisions.

Question 28

Refute/refutation

Answer 28

An argument techniques wherin opposing arguments are anticipated and countered.

Question 29

Repetition

Answer 29

The duplication, either exact or approximate, of any element of language, such as a sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern.

Question 30

Revision

Answer 30

The stage or process of writing after a first draft is written when writers re-examine their work and try to improve it. This improvement consists of more than editing amd/or proofreading–it also includes reevaluating the thesis, the argument, the structure, the organization, the supporting evidence, and even the topic. All good or improving writers revise their work.