Part 1 - #1-30

Question 1

Acronym

Answer 1

A word formed by combining the initial letters or syllables of a series of words to form a name (ex. Radar, or radio detection and ranging).

Question 2

Adjective

Answer 2

Word modifies or tells rye the reader something about a person, place or thing–or noun–“modifies” it. Adjectives answer the questions Which one? What kind? How many? Whose? About a noun.

Question 3

Adverb

Answer 3

Word which modifies or tells the reader something about a verb, adjective, or another adverb. Adverbs answer the questions When? Where? How? To what extent? Why?

Question 4

Aesthetic effect

Answer 4

The pleasure, sense of beauty, emotion, or lack of such that readers, speakers, or listeners derive from aural, visual, and print texts.

Question 5

Aesthetic purpose

Answer 5

The pleasure, sense of beauty, and/or emotion a writer sets out to evoke constitutes the work’s aesthetic purpose. Often writers set out to achieve these particular aesthetic effects through subject matter, word choice, structure, and/or figurative devices.

Question 6

Aim

Answer 6

The goal of a writer or speaker hopes to achieve with a text–for example, to explain or clarify difficult material, to inform, to persuade. Also called purpose.

Question 7

Allegory

Answer 7

The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning. In some allegories, for example, an author may intend the characters to personify an abstraction like hope or freedom. The allegorical meaning usually deals with moral truth or a generalization about human existence.

Question 8

Alliteration

Answer 8

The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words (as in she sells sea shells). Although the term is not used frequently in the multiple-choice section, you can look for alliteration in any essay passage. The repetition can reinforce meaning, unify ideas, supply a musical sound, and/or echo the sense of the passage.

Question 9

Allusion

Answer 9

A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art. Allusions can be historical, literary, religious, topical, or mythical. There are many more possibilities, and a work may simultaneously use multiple layers of allusion.

Question 10

Ambiguity

Answer 10

The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.

Question 11

Analogy

Answer 11

A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. An analogy can explain something unfamiliar by associating it with or pointing out its similarity to something more familiar. Analogies can also make writing more vivid, imaginative, or intellectually engaging.

Question 12

Analysis

Answer 12

A method by which we examine a piece of art or literature in detail in order to understand it better or to draw conclusions from it. Also, we may separate the work into its “components” to find out what it contains, to examine individual parts, or to study the structure of the whole.

Question 13

Anaphora

Answer 13

One of the devices of repetition, in which the same expression (word or words) is repeated at the beginning of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences. “It was the best of times; it was the worst of times.”

Question 14

Anecdote

Answer 14

A short narrative detailing particulars of an interesting episode or event. The term most frequently refers to an incident in the life of a person.

Question 15

Abstract

Answer 15

A piece of writing which summarizes the principles ideas or arguments advanced in a much longer work.

Question 16

Anecdotal scripting

Answer 16

When the reader makes notes in the margins of a text, notes that highlight important point, pose questions, summarize, or paraphrase, ect., the reader is scripting anecdotally. Another term for “marginalia”

Question 17

Annotated bibliography

Answer 17

An annotated bibliography includes a list of resources, formated according to a particular style sheey, along with prose commentary for each source. This commentary usually includes a brief summary or overview of the recource, followed by an evaluation and/or recommendation reading the usefulness of the resource.

Question 18

Antecedent

Answer 18

The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun.

Question 19

Antithesis

Answer 19

The juxtaposition of sharply contrasting in balanced or parallels words, phrases, and grammatical structures or ideas. Alexander pope reminds us that”to err is human, to forgive is divine.”

Question 20

Aphorism

Answer 20

A terse statement of unknown authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle. (If the author is unknown, the statement is generally considered to be a folk proverb.) an aphorism can be a memorable summation of the authors point.

Question 21

Appeal

Answer 21

One of the three strategies for persuading audiences–logos, appeal to reason; pathos, appeal to emotion; and ethos, appeal to ethics.

Question 22

Apostrophe

Answer 22

A figure of speech that directly addresses an abstract or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. It is an address to someone or something that cannot answer. The effect may add familiarity or emotional intensity. William wordsworth adresses john milton as he writes, “milton, thou shouldst be living at this hour: / England hath need of thee.”

Question 23

Argument

Answer 23

In persuasive or expository writing, an argument is the course of reasoning used to deliver the point of view or main idea that the author is trying to get across to the reader. An argument can also refer to a particular statement, fact, or example, ect., that a writer uses to make his/her point.

Question 24

Argument by analogy

Answer 24

Analogies can be used as support for arguments or claims in exposition and/or persuasion. Here the speaker or writer supports or proves an unknown by comparing it to something known or already proven or explains or describes something unfamiliar by comparing it to something familiar.

Question 25

Argument by authority

Answer 25

Writers and speakers can support an assertion or claim by invoking the words of an expert or authority. The quality of this type of argument is dependent on the credibility of the expert in the area or field related to the topic at hand.

Question 26

Argument by causation

Answer 26

This type of argument is based on the assumption that even A leas directly to result B. Cause and effect arguments may be unconvincing or difficult to sustain unless the casual relationship between A ans B is generally accepted.

Question 27

Argument by emotion

Answer 27

When a speaker or writer appeals to the heart rather than the mind in order to convince the audience. See also pathos.

Question 28

Article

Answer 28

Part of speech–a short word that comes before and points to the noun. Articles are the words a, an, and the.

Question 29

Argument by logic

Answer 29

A logical argument attempts to demonstrate the truth or validity of an assertion or conclusion through the relating of a set of premises or body of evidence. See also logos.

Question 30

Assertion

Answer 30

An unproven statement. Assertions supported by evidence and reasoning make arguments.