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Pathological physiology > Part 4 > Flashcards

Part 4 Flashcards

1
Q

1) Reasons of intra-corpuscular haemolytic anemia are all except:
a) changes of Er membranes
b) toxines in plasma
c) enzymopathy
d) hemoglobinopathy

A

b

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2
Q

1) Most kommon kind of deficiency anemia is
a) B 12def
b) iron def
c) folic acid def
d) megaloblastic anemia

A

b

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3
Q

1) B 12 deficiency anemia – all correct except
a) macrocytic
b) megaloblastic
c) hypochromic
d) pancytopenia

A

c

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4
Q

1) Hypoplastic anemia – all correct except:
a) normochromic
b) microcytic
c) reticulocytes amount increased
d) EPO level in blood increased

A

c

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5
Q

1) All is typical for the hemolytical anemia except
a) jaundice
b) hyperreticulocytosis
c) hemoglobinuria
d) bilirubinuria
e) urobilinuria
f) increase of free bilirubin in blood

A

d

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6
Q

1) Erythrocytosis – all correct except
a) Er amount increased
b) Hb increased
c) Ht decreased
d) MCV normal
e) MCHC normal

A

c

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7
Q
  1. Peripheral tolerance
    a) inactivation of auto-reactive T or B cells
    b) elimination of selfe-reactive T-cells in thymus
    c) elimination of self-reactive B-cells in bone marrow
    d) b+c
    e) a+b+c
A

b

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8
Q
  1. Anergy is state of
    a) unresponsiveness to antibodies
    b) unresponsiveness to antigens
    c) unresponsiveness to T-cells
    d) unresponsiveness to B-cells
A

b

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9
Q
  1. Rheumatiod arthritis – all are correct, except
    a) T-cell mediated
    b) B-cell mediated
    c) auto Ag – synovial joint Ag
    d) a+b
    e) a+b+c
A

b

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10
Q
  1. Systemic lupus erythematosus
    a) immune-complex disease
    b) auto Ag – DNA
    c) forms – arthritis, vasculitits, glomerulonephritis
    d) a+b+c
    e) a+b
    f) a+c
A

d

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11
Q
  1. Muliple sclerosis – all are correct, except
    a) T-cell mediated
    b) B-cell mediated
    c) auto Ag – mielin basic proteins
    d) brain invasion by CD4 T-cell
A

b

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12
Q
  1. GC in treatment of autoimmune diseases are using for
    a) inhibition of gene expresions
    b) depletion of expanding lymphocytes population
    c) blocking of co-stimulation
    d) blocking of complement activation
    e) blocking of cell adhesion
A

a

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13
Q
  1. Antimetabolites in treatment of autoimmune diseases are using for
    a) inhibition of gene expression
    b) depletion of expamding lymphocytes population
    c) blocking of co-stimulation
    d) blocking of complement activation
    e) blocking of cell adhesion
A

b

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14
Q
  1. For neutralisation of cytokines are using
    a) GC
    b) antimetabolites
    c) TNF-alpha inhibitors
    d) IL-I inhibitors
    e) a+b
    f) c+d
A

f

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15
Q
  1. Systemic autoimmune diseases are all except
    a) rheumatoid arthritis
    b) sclerodermia
    c) autoimmune neutropenia
    d) Sjogren syndrome
A

c

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16
Q
  1. Estrogens
    a) stimulate immune response
    b) blocked immune response
    c) not involved in immune response
    d) blocked interferon – gamma production
A

a

17
Q
  1. In infants – normal level of thyroid hormones are necessary for (the main):
    a. Development of CNS
    b. Skeletal growth
    c. Function of organ systems
    d. Not necessary
A

a

18
Q
  1. T3 secretion is stimulated by:
    a. Thyrotropin
    b. T4
    c. Thyrotropin releasing hormone
    d. A + B
A

a

19
Q
  1. Forms of thyroid disease are:
    a. Thyrotoxicosis
    b. Goitre
    c. Hypothyroidism
    d. Thyroid nodule
    e. A + B + C + D
    f. A + B + C
A

e

20
Q
  1. All are correct for Graves disease, except:
    a. Autoimmune
    b. Exophthalmus
    c. Enlarged thyroid
    d. Increased serum TSH level
    e. Increased metabolic rate
A

d

21
Q
  1. Congenital hypothyroidism is:
    a. Hashimotos thyroiditis
    b. Aplasia of TG
    c. Lymphocytic thyroiditis
    d. Hypothalamic disease
A

b

22
Q
  1. All are correct for Hashimotos thyroiditis:
    a. Autoimmune
    b. Decreased metabolic rate
    c. Decreased TSH level
    d. Decreased radioiodine uptake by TG
A

c

23
Q
  1. All are correct for medullary carcinoma of TG except:
    a. 5-10% of all thyroid malignancies
    b. 80% sporadic
    c. Often – patients older than 50
    d. Hypocalcitoninemia
A

d

24
Q
  1. Sex hormones are produced in cortex of adrenal gland in:
    a. Zona glumerulosa
    b. Zona fasciculate
    c. Zona resticularis
    d. A + B + C
    e. A + B
    f. A + C
A

c

25
Q
  1. Glucocorticoids activity in the body are regulated by processes in:
    a. Liver
    b. Kidneys,
    c. Intestines
    d. A + B
    e. A + B + C
A

d

26
Q
  1. All are correct for Addissone disease, except:
    a. Autoimmune
    b. Decreased cortisol
    c. Increased aldosterone
    d. Increased ACTH
    e. Primary
A

c

27
Q
  1. Ionized Ca (in % of total plasma Ca) is:
    a. 30
    b. 40
    c. 50
    d. 60
    e. 70
A

c

28
Q
  1. PTH – all are correct except
    a. Plasma Ca level increases – activates PTH synthesis
    b. Plasma Ca level decreases – activates PTH synthesis
    c. Increased osteoclastic activity
    d. Increased Ca reabsorption in the kidneys
A

a

29
Q
  1. Calcitonin – all are correct except:
    a. Decrease plasma Ca level
    b. Increase plasma Ca level
    c. Decrease bone resorbing
    d. Decrease osteoclasts activity
A

b

30
Q
  1. GK
    a. Decrease osteoblastic activity
    b. Decrease Ca reabsorption in the kidneys
    c. Induce osteoporosis
    d. A + B
    e. A + B + C
A

e

31
Q
  1. Hypercalcemia – total serum Ca level is:
    a. >2.2
    b. >2.4
    c. >2.6
    d. >2.8
A

a

32
Q
  1. Osteopenia – BMD is:
    a. _ -2.5
    d. -2.5 – -3.0
A

b

33
Q
  1. Primary osteoporosis:
    a. Senile
    b. Postemenopausal
    c. Endocrine
    d. A + B
    e. A + B + C
A

d

34
Q
  1. Clinical classification of osteoporosis is:
    a. Primary
    b. Secondary
    c. Idiopathic
    d. A + B
    e. A + B + C
A

e

35
Q
  1. Symptoms of hypoparathyroidism is:
    a. Hypocalcinemia
    b. Hypercalcinemia
    c. Vit D deficiency
    d. Neurologic manifestations
A

a

36
Q
  1. Cancer with bone metastases – changes in the blood:
    a. Hypocalcinemia
    b. Hypercalcinemia
    c. Ca level normal
    d. Decreased ionized Ca level
A

b

37
Q

a. Testis secrete:
a. Testosterone
b. Dihydrotestosterone
c. Androstenodiole
d. Estradiol
e. Estrone
f. All

A

f

Pathological physiology (4 decks)

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