Part 4 Flashcards
Thoracic Duct Collects most of the lymph in the body EXCEPT from the:
RUE R chest Neck and head Lower left lobe of lung **above collected from the Right Lymphatic Duct**
LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE
Lymph drainage is organized into 2 separate & unequal drainage areas. Normally lymph does NOT drain across the lines that separate these areas. Structure w/in each area carry lymph to its destination, in the circulatory system.
Right Lymphatic Duct
Drains lymph from: R side head & neck R arm RUQ of the body Empties lymph into the Right Subclavian Vein to enter back into the bloodstream.
Thoracic duct
L side head & neck LUE and LUQ L lower trunk LLEs
In adults the thoracic duct transports up to
4 L of lymph/day
2 valves at the junction of the duct
the left subclavian v. prevent the flow of venous blood into the duct
Thoracic Duct – Clinical Significance
When blocked or damaged a large amount of lymph can quickly accumulate in the pleural cavity ->chylothorax The first sign if malignancy (especially intra-abdominal), may be an enlarged lymph node in the left supraclavicular area close to where the thoracic duct empties into the left subclavian vein
Lymphoid Tissue
Defends the body against infections and spread of tumors Consists of connective tissue with white blood cells (WBCs), most numerous being lymphocytes
Secondary (or peripheral) lymphoid tissues
provide the environment for the foreign molecules or antigens to interact with the lymphocytes
primary (or central) lymphoid organs
generate lymphocytes from immature progenitor cells
Lymph Organs
Lymph Nodes Tonsils Spleen Thymus Bone Marrow
Role of lymph nodes:
Filter the lymph before it is returned to the circulatory system
damaged or destroyed nodes
do not regenerate
function of the Vestibular System
Postural Stability Gaze Stabilization Spacial Orientation
Otolioth Organs
Ditect Linear motion crysta; comes off that causes vertigo
BPPV
vertigo causes experience blurred vission, nasuea and imbabalnce SUPINE IS CURE
VOR
improves gaze stabilization and balance control CERVICAL ROM
Combine
head eye and body
Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Female pelvic organs fall from their normal position, into or through the vagina
Vulvodynia
Chronic vulvar discomfort, especially that characterized by the patient’s complain of burning, stinging, irritation or rawness
Vulvodynia Possible Causes
Infections Pregnancy or Childbirth Poor posture Low back issues SI dysfunction Trauma Surgery
PERINEUM
MADE UP OF: UROGENITAL TRIANGLE ANAL TRIANGLE
TRIANGLES THAT MAKE UP THE PERINEUM
UROGENITAL TRIANGLE ANAL TRIANGLE
UROGENITAL BOUNDARIES
PUBIS AND THEIR RAMI ISCHIAL TUBEROSITIES BILATERALLY SUPERFICIAL TRANSVERSE PERINEAL MUSCLES
PELVIC FLOOR (DIAPHRAGM) functions
SUPPORTS THE PELVIC VISCERA PULLS THE RECTUM TOWARD THE PUBIC BONE SPHINCTER FOR BOTH THE VAGINA AND URETHRA FLEXES THE COCCYZ STABILIZES THE SI JOINT
OUTERMOST LAYER IS PROVIDED BY:
SUPERFICIAL PERINEAL SPACE AND UROGENITAL TRIANGLE
