Part 3

Question 1

Treaty of Portsmouth

Answer 1

Ends the 1904-1905 Russo-Japanese war; in Portsmouth, NH; Japan and Russia were at war, Japan wanted land and they get some of what they want but Japan still walks away mad

Question 2

Munich Conference

Answer 2

Peace in our Time; Takes place in Munich, Germany; involves Germany, Great Britain, France and Italy, agree to surrender the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia; Prime example of appeasement

Question 3

Postdam Conference

Answer 3

FDR NOT present, Truman, Stalin, Churchill who is later replaced by Richard Atlee; meeting to discuss agreements reached at Yalta; Right before the end of the war; Truman got confirmation that the atomic bomb was successfully tested; Potsdam declaration says that if Japan doesn’t surrender they will face prompt and utter destruction; occurred in Germany; During this conference Truman receives notice about the successful testing of the atomic bomb.

Question 4

Atlantic Charter

Answer 4

1941; FDR and Churchill; They are developing their war goals; meeting in Newfoundland; 8 major points that come out of this: self determination of all people, equal access to raw materials, economic cooperation, freedom of the seas, collective security and disarmament.

Question 5

Tehran Conference

Answer 5

1943; FDR, Churchill and Stalin; Plan the war against Germany; figuring out the plans; Post war cooperation in the UN; also where Stalin promises to enter the war against Japan after Germany was defeated; Meeting in Iran

Question 6

Casablanca Conference

Answer 6

Takes place in French Morocco; FDR and Churchill; Unconditional axis surrender

Question 7

Moscow Agreement

Answer 7

Meeting in Moscow; Churchill and Stalin; leads to the Cold War; Churchill tells Stalin he can have whatever he wants after the war; Lets Stalin know the US and England is okay with the Soviet controlling part of Eastern Europe; Stalin is mad because it takes away his negotiating power after the war

Question 8

Yalta Conference

Answer 8

Crimea in Soviet Union; Churchill, FDR and Stalin; agreed to a 4 power occupation of Germany; Founding conference for the UN is scheduled to happen later that year; Reiteration that the Soviet Union will enter the war against Japan and guarantees a representative government in Poland (doesn’t actually happen)

Question 9

Warsaw Pact

Answer 9

Mutual defense agreement; the opposite to NATO; Bound signatories to support and come to the aid of each other militarily if aggression arises.

Question 10

Peace in our time

Answer 10

After the conference Churchill goes back with a paper and says “I hold in my hand, peace in our time”; He does this because he thinks he’s finally made Hitler happy; ironically enough WWII breaks out less than a year later

Question 11

Cold War

Answer 11

The political and economic struggle between the capitalists, democratic western powers and the communist bloc after WWII ; Marked by massive military build ups, intensive economic competition and hostile diplomatic relations

Question 12

Marshall Plan

Answer 12

US policy to help rebuild Europe after WWII; US gives money to countries if they promise not to be communist

Question 13

USA Recognition of Russia

Answer 13

1917-1933 the US does not recognize Russia as a legitimate country; in 1933 the Russian economy is the only one that is growing during the Great Depression; so we recognize them for our own good

Question 14

Ike Eisenhower

Answer 14

pushes the policies of containment, the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan

Question 15

Nikita Khrushchev

Answer 15

Russian leader after Stalin; Relations between US and Russia thawed during the Cold War; He was part of the Cuban missile crisis

Question 16

Truman Doctrine

Answer 16

policy of Containment; Providing aid to Greece and Turkey

Question 17

John Foster Dulles

Answer 17

American comes up with the Mutual Defense Pact; Secretary of State under Eisenhower; Said the containment policy was too passive

Question 18

Liberation

Answer 18

Idea of rolling back communism instead of just containing it

Question 19

Containment

Answer 19

Truman Doctrine; keeping communism where it is, not letting it spread anymore

Question 20

Red Scare

Answer 20

ID-McCarthyism during the 1950’s; Americans are terrified that communists will take over; Causes: Russians get the atomic bomb early, China falls to communism, and the Korean war

Question 21

Massive Retaliation

Answer 21

If you get out of line we will nuke you; Never going to happen; the US was never going to use the atomic bomb on Russia; The threat of the bomb was a big enough deterrent

Question 22

More Bang for A Buck or More rubble for a ruble

Answer 22

With the atomic bomb you can destroy more for less money; As technology and efficiency progressed, we could make better and more destructive bombs for the same amount of money; same went for Russia

Question 23

Brinkmanship

Answer 23

John Foster Dulles; he believes that the communists are evil and the capitalists are good; If good and evil fight, evil will back down; if you bring communists to the brink of war, they will back down first; what Kennedy uses in the Cuban Missile Crisis

Question 24

Cuban Missile Crisis

Answer 24

USSR wants to put missiles in Cuba and the US doesn’t want it to happen because then Russia will be able to attack the US; US creates a blockade around Cuba and keeps Russia out leading them to back down; looks like a huge victory for Kennedy but later it comes out that they both gave in a little bit; the US had to remove our missiles from Turkey

Question 25

Marxist Destiny

Answer 25

Speech given by Stalin saying that he is going out to spread communism around the world