Part 3 Flashcards
name the general components of aerosols
product concentrate + propellant
explain what the “product concentrate” of aerosols contains
it is a solution of:
-active ingredient
-antioxidants
-surface-active agents
-solvents
what does it mean if something has high vapor pressure
it is VOLATILE – meaning it evaporates easily
what are the most common liquefied gas propellants? are they used much anymore?
CFC (chlorofluoro carbons)
not used as much bc they destroy the ozone
if temperature is ____ than vapor pressure, the propellant becomes a gas
what does this mean about the vapor pressure of the propellants used in aerosols?
HIGHER
therefore, the propellants used in aerosols all have vapor pressures BELOW room temp (25 degrees celsius)
what is the concern with liquid density of propellants used in aerosols?
we want to know if their density is higher or lower than water
true or false
at room temperature, propellants are gasses
true
this is because they have vapor pressures that are lower than room temp
name the kinds of aerosol systems
-two phase systems
-three phase systems
-compressed gas systems
which are more popular - two phase aerosol systems or three phase systems?
two phase are more popular
explain the difference between the 3 aerosol systems
two phase systems = product concentrate + miscible liquid propellant + gas propellant
three phase system = liquid propellant that is NOT miscible with the product concentrate + gas propellant
compressed gas system = uses compressed gas (PSI)
name 3 types of containers used for aerosols
which is most popular?
glass (could be coated with plastic)
metal
plastics
metal is mot frequently used (aluminum - lightweight)
why are plastics not usually a suitable choice for aerosol containers?
not very good for maintaining pressure because it leaks out through pores from polymers
for which type of system must it be shaken before use?
3 phase system
explain the concept of three phase systems
the density of the immiscible liquid propellant is lower than the product concentrate so the liquid propellant remains on the top.
this means it won’t all get sprayed out. the only propellant that will get sprayed out is the very little bit that dissolves in the product concentrate
name 2 methods of filling aerosols
cold filling – both the product concentrate and propellant must be cooled. once returned to room temp, the liquid propellant will evaporate and create pressure (only in manufacturing)
pressure filling - can only be done in manufacturing. fit all liquid propellant back in under pressure when you run out
name 4 ways in which the filled aerosol containers are tested
leaking
valve assembly
particle size distribution
dose (for MDIs)
what serves as the reservoir to replenish the gas propellant
the liquid propellant. want to maintain equilibrium so when the bottle is sprayed and gas propellant leaves, some liquid evaporates to maintain equilibrium
name 4 major factors via aerosol inhalation
-physical factors (2 or 3 phase?)
-pattern of inhalation
-delivery device used (spacer)
-status of the lungs (what volume can the lungs hold? penetration/deposition?)
give an example of a dry powder inhaler.
SPINHALER turbo inhaler
true or false
SPINHALER turbo inhaler is a liquid aerosol that does not contain a canister
FALSE
solid aerosol. does not contain a canister
name an advantage of SPINHALER turbo inhaler
it’s a solid aerosol. therefore, we are not inhaling liquid propellant which is potentially bad for our bodies
generic for Intal
Cromolyn Sodium
name the dosage forms available for Intal
capsules (for inhalation)
nebulizer solution
metered dose inhaler
true or false
there are 3 Intal products available
true
capsules for inhalation
nebulizer solution
metered dose inhaler
