Part-2 organic chem

Question 1

carbon sp3

Answer 1

tetrahedral
109.5
4 singles

Question 2

carbon sp2

Answer 2

trigonal planar
120
1 double and 2 single

Question 3

carbon sp

Answer 3

linear
180
1 triple and 1 single bond or 2 double bond

Question 4

oxygen sp3

Answer 4

tetrahedral - electron

bent - molecular

Question 5

oxygen sp2

Answer 5

trigonal planar - electron

linear- molecular

Question 6

nitrogen sp3

Answer 6

tetrahedral- electron

pyrimidal- molecular

Question 7

nitrogen sp2

Answer 7

trigonal planar- electron

bent- molecular

Question 8

nitrogen sp

Answer 8

linear- electron

linear - molecular

Question 9

more symmetrical, less polar will? bp

Answer 9

lowering boiling point

Question 10

melting point

Answer 10

may or may not follow this general rule, as a more symmetrical molecule typically packs better, requiring more energy (higher melting point) to melt the solid

Question 11

bond length

Answer 11

length character the shorter the bond,

Question 12

alkane formula

Answer 12

C(n)H(2n+2)

Question 13

bp in hydrocarbons vs. electronegative

Answer 13

hydrocarbons, bp increase with more number of carbon
(molecular weight or molar mass)

electronegative atoms, increase bp when compared to a molecule of similar weight with a less polar group or if hydrogen bonding is possible

Question 14

organic compounds tend to be

Answer 14

combustible

Question 15

base
acid
nucleophile
electrophile

Answer 15

base- proton acceptor
acid- proton donor
nucleophile- electron donor with the formation of a bond lewis base
electrophile- electron acceptor lewis acid

Question 16

strong acids because

Answer 16

cb is

1) charge
2) size, electronegativity
3) resonance
4) inductive

Question 17

iso propopylnol

isopropylcyclopentane

Answer 17

three carbons coming off of the carbons

Question 18

isobutane

Answer 18

ch3 off of the second carbon Ch3(ch3) coming off of chch3

total carbon 4 even with the coming off one

Question 19

isopentane

Answer 19

ch3 (ch3)coming off of the chch2ch3

total carbon 5 even with the coming off one

Question 20

neopentane

Answer 20

ch3( ch3)2 coming off from both sides of cch3

total carbon 5 even with the coming off ones

Question 21

alkane
alkene
alkyne

Answer 21

alkane= c-c
alkeyne= c=c
alkyne= c (triple bond) c

Question 22

nitrile

Answer 22

R-c (triple bond) n

Question 23

alcohol

Answer 23

R-OH

Question 24

amines 1st degree
2nd degree
3rd degree

Answer 24

R-NH2
R-NH-R
R-N-R  n with three r coming off of it 
     l
    R

Question 25

ether

Answer 25

R-O-R

Question 26

imine

Answer 26

R l R-C= N- R carbon with two R groups and a double bonded nitrogen (the nitrogen has one R group)

Question 27

aldehyde

Answer 27

R-CHO | carbon with a double bonded O a single bonded R group and a Hydrogen coming off of it.

Question 28

ketone

Answer 28

R-CO-R carbon with two R groups singled bonded and a double bonded oxygen

Question 29

carboxylic acid

Answer 29

R-COOH R- CO2H carbon with a single bonded R group, double bonded Oxygen and a OH single bonded

Question 30

ester

Answer 30

R-CO2-R carbon with a singled bonded R group, a double bonded O and a singed bonded O which has a single bonded R group coming off of it

Question 31

amides 1st degree 2nd degree 3rd degree

Answer 31

R-CO-NH2 two hydrogen R-CO-NH-R one hydrogen R-CO-N- (two R groups) 0 hydrogen carbon is doubled bonded to Oxygen

Question 32

N-C N=C N(triple bonded to)C

Answer 32

amine imine nitrile

Question 33

``` systematic naming functional group naming ene yne ol al one oic acid nitrile ```

Answer 33

``` ene- double bond yne- triple bond ol- alcohol al- aldehyde one- ketone oic acid- carboxylic acid nitrile- nitrile ```

Question 34

``` if substituents oh och3 och2ch3 nh2 CHO ```

Answer 34

``` if substituents hydroxy methoxy ethoxy amino formyl ```

Question 35

naming alcohols

Answer 35

name ends in alcohol (separate) | name begins with the name of the alkyl group that is attached to the OH

Question 36

naming ketones, ethers, amines

Answer 36

- name the alkyl substitute attached to the C=O, O (ether), N (amine) - use di-, tri- if alkyl substituents are the same

Question 37

common name aldehyde, carboxylic acid, and carboxylic acid derivatives prefixes

Answer 37

``` 1c- form 2c- aceti 3- propion 4- butyr example C=O formaldehyde ```

Question 38

1c-

Answer 38

1c- form

Question 39

2c-

Answer 39

2c- aceti

Question 40

3c

Answer 40

3- propion

Question 41

4c-

Answer 41

4- butyr

Question 42

how would you synthesize pentanol from pentene?

Answer 42

hydration

Question 43

Acid-Catalyzed hydrolysis of an epoxides yields an?

Answer 43

trans-diol

Question 44

the anti-markovnikov hydration of a terminal alkyne produces what functional group?

Answer 44

aldehyde

Question 45

ochem | oxidation and reduction

Answer 45

``` oxidation = loss of h2 and gain of O, O2, X2 reduction = gain fo h2, loss of O, O2, X2 ```

Question 46

what is the intermediate formed in the oxidation of 1-butanol to butanoic acid

Answer 46

butanal

Question 47

the combustion of gasoline is an example of what type of reaction?

Answer 47

oxidation-reduction

Question 48

thiol

Answer 48

HS-R

Question 49

condensation of carboxylic acid and thiol

Answer 49

thioester and water

Question 50

condensation of carboxylic acid and an amine

Answer 50

amide and water

Question 51

can all carboxylic acid derivatives be hydrolyzed back to the carboxylic acid?

Answer 51

Yes, under acid, aqueous conditions

Question 52

reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives

Answer 52

acid chloride> anhydride>ester>amide>carboxyate

Question 53

convert carboxylic acid to less reactive form

Answer 53

use ester and amides | esterification

Question 54

saponification (basic hydrolysis)

Answer 54

hydrolysis of an ester yields the salt of the carboxylic acid and an alcohol.