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History Sec 3 - Unit 2 > Part 2 - New France from 1627 to 1663 > Flashcards

Part 2 - New France from 1627 to 1663 Flashcards

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1
Q

What did the Company of 100 Associates grant to seigneurs and what did the seigneurs do with it?

A

They granted tracks of land to seigneurs who divided their seigneurs into small lots called censives which were given to censitaires

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2
Q

What did seigneurs have to be to the king?

A

Loyal

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3
Q

What did seigneurs have to build?

A

A flour mill

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4
Q

What happened if the seigneury was sold?

A

The seigneurs had to give 1/5 of the sale to the king

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5
Q

Who did seigneurs have to keep informed of affairs at their seigneury?

A

State authorities

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6
Q

What did censitaires have to do? (3)

A

Work their land
Pay the seigneur an annual rent
Do unpaid labour for the seigneur on occasion

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7
Q

What did the censitaires have to do if they needed a flour mill?

A

They had to give the seigneur a portion of their grain

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8
Q

What were seigneuries usually situated perpendicular to and why?

A

To the St. Lawrence river or other main waterways, because waterways were the main communication channel in the colony so access was important

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9
Q

Where did the seigneur live?

A

In the manor house on the seigneury

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10
Q

What did the censitaires have to do before they could produce what they needed to survive

A

Clear the forest

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11
Q

What was most of a censitaire’s day devoted to?

A

Farm work

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12
Q

What did women on the seigneury do?

A

Take care of the children, make clothes, prepare meals and farm

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13
Q

Who intensified the rivalry between the Huron-Wendat Confederacy and the Iroquois Confederacy?

A

The Europeans

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14
Q

Who allied with the Iroquois and why?

A

The Dutch and the English because they both wanted product from the fur trade

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15
Q

Who did the English and Dutch supply with arms and merchandise and why? Why did they agree to do it?

A

The Iroquois, so they would attack the French and the English and Dutch would get control over the fur trade. They agreed because they wanted more European goods

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16
Q

Who did the Iroquois launch several attacks against?

A

The French and the nations they were allied with

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17
Q

Why weren’t the French able to attack the Iroquois? So what did the French do instead?

A

They didn’t have enough people to attack them so they built forts to process themselves

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18
Q

What happened from 1648-1650?

A

The Iroquois almost completely dispersed the Huron-Wendat. Many of the Huron-Wendat were integrated into the Iroquois Nations

19
Q

What was New France like in 1663? (Before the Royal Government)

A

It was still undeveloped economically and it still had a small population. The company had failed its job to populate the colony.

20
Q

What did explorers explore new territories?

A

In pursuit of furs

21
Q

What territories did France have in 1663?

A

Canada, Nova Scotia (Acadia) and Part of Newfoundland

22
Q

Where did European countries claim territories in?

A

North America

23
Q

From 1634-1650 did the First Nations population of the Vallée St Laurent increase or decrease by 2500 people?

A

Decrease

24
Q

What were many of the First Nations subject to?

A

Acculturation

25
Q

What did the First Nations modify to please the French? What did they retain?

A

Aspects of their lives such as clothes, tools and weapons. Some converted to Catholicism but retained certain practices and beliefs from their traditional spirituality. They also kept their language and political organization

26
Q

What were the offspring of the coexistence of the French and the Natives called?

A

Métis

27
Q

Where did the minister of marine live and what did he do?

A

In France and he controlled all the colonies

28
Q

Who was appointed by the king?

A

Governor and intendant

29
Q

Who did the govenor represent in New Franc

A

The king

30
Q

What was the govenor responsible for?

A

External affairs (Trade, Natives, etc.)

31
Q

What was the intendant responsible for?

A

Internal affairs (taxes, infrastructure, etc.)

32
Q

Who was the sovereign council composed of?

A

Governor, intendant and Bishop

33
Q

What did the sovereign council do? (5)

A

Acted as legislative, executive and judicial body, made laws, settled disputes and appealed lower court decisions

34
Q

What’s absolute power?

A

The king of France ruled without having to justify his decisions

35
Q

What did the king rule through?

A

Divine right of kings

36
Q

Who gave sovereigns (kings) absolute power?

A

God

37
Q

What type of defiance was going against the king seen as?

A

A defiance of God’s will

38
Q

Who was France under complete authority of?

A

The king of France

39
Q

What type of decisions did the leaders of the colony make and what type of decisions did the king make?

A

Leaders: administering the colony and ensuring its development and security
King: key political, economic and military decisions

40
Q

Which 2 groups of men in New France took up arms against the enemy?

A

Regular soldiers and militiamen

41
Q

What was the difference between regular soldiers and militiamen?

A

Regular soldiers trained for warfare, wore uniforms and were paid by the state.
Militiamen: not officially part of the army but they were called upon to fight and perform various tasks

42
Q

In what year was the Carignan-Salières regiment sent from France to defend the colony? How many soldiers were they?

A

1655

1200 soldiers

43
Q

What were the Carignan-Salières sent to do in 1655?

A

Defend the colony and fight the Iroquois

44
Q

What did militiamen do to protect the main settlement?

A

Construct forts

History Sec 3 - Unit 2 (5 decks)

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