PART 2: GENERAL SCIENCES/ CHAPTER 9: Basics Of Nutrition Flashcards
What term refers to carbohydrates that contain three or more simple carbohydrate molecule
Polysaccharides
What term refers to carbohydrate-lipid complexes that are also good water binders?
Mucopolysaccharides
How are nonessential amino acids different from other amino acids?
They can be synthesized by the body and need not be obtained from diet
What is another name for alpha-linoleic acid, a type of “good” polyunsaturated fat that may decrease cardiovascular diseases?
Omega-3 fatty acids
What is the term for a thinning of the bones caused by the reabsorption of calcium into the bones?
Osteoporosis
What are proteins?
Chains of amino acid molecules
What is the commercial name for the vitamin-A derivative retinoic acid?
Retin-A
What is the vitamin from which tretinoin (used for collagen synthesis, hyperpigmentation, and acne) is derived?
Vitamin A
What is one of the functions of the antioxidant vitamin A?
Aids in the functioning and repair of the skin cells.
What is another name for vitamin C?
Ascorbic acid
What does adenosine triphosphate do?
Provides energy to cells and converts energy to carbon dioxide.
What forms the building blocks of protein?
Amino acids
What is the term for clogging and hardening of the arteries?
Arteriosclerosis
What food contains the greatest abundance of bioflavonoids?
Citrus fruits
What are measures of heat units, used to measure food energy for the body?
Calories
What are compounds that break down sugars and supply body energy?
Carbohydrates
What term refers to sugars made up of two simple sugars, such as lactose and sucrose?
Disaccharides
What are catalysts that break down complex food molecules?
Enzymes
What type of vitamin is riboflavin?
Vitamin B
What mineral serves the function of forming and maintaining teeth and bones?
Calcium
What mineral is required for energy use, water balance, and molecular movement?
Potassium
What mineral is required for energy release and protein synthesis?
Magnesium
What mineral moves carbon dioxide, regulates water levels, and transports materials through cell membranes?
Sodium
What is NOT an important reason for estheticians to develop and use good health habits?
Seeking superficial approval
How often should you exercise for about 30 minutes in order to maintain good health habits?
Three times a week
What is true of water?
It is the one essential nutrient no person can live without
What are fats?
Macronutrients used to produce energy in the body.
What has been added to a food product if it is labeled as fortified?
One or more vitamins
What is glycosaminoglycan?
Water-binding substance between the fibers of the dermis.
What is hypoglycemia?
Condition in which blood sugar drops too low.
What is the common name for linoleic acid, which is used to make important hormones?
Omega-6
What is true of macronutrients?
They make up the largest part of the nutrition we take in
