PART 2: GENERAL SCIENCES/ CHAPTER 9: Basics Of Nutrition

Question 1

What term refers to carbohydrates that contain three or more simple carbohydrate molecule

Answer 1

Polysaccharides

Question 2

What term refers to carbohydrate-lipid complexes that are also good water binders?

Answer 2

Mucopolysaccharides

Question 3

How are nonessential amino acids different from other amino acids?

Answer 3

They can be synthesized by the body and need not be obtained from diet

Question 4

What is another name for alpha-linoleic acid, a type of “good” polyunsaturated fat that may decrease cardiovascular diseases?

Answer 4

Omega-3 fatty acids

Question 5

What is the term for a thinning of the bones caused by the reabsorption of calcium into the bones?

Answer 5

Osteoporosis

Question 6

What are proteins?

Answer 6

Chains of amino acid molecules

Question 7

What is the commercial name for the vitamin-A derivative retinoic acid?

Answer 7

Retin-A

Question 8

What is the vitamin from which tretinoin (used for collagen synthesis, hyperpigmentation, and acne) is derived?

Answer 8

Vitamin A

Question 9

What is one of the functions of the antioxidant vitamin A?

Answer 9

Aids in the functioning and repair of the skin cells.

Question 10

What is another name for vitamin C?

Answer 10

Ascorbic acid

Question 11

What does adenosine triphosphate do?

Answer 11

Provides energy to cells and converts energy to carbon dioxide.

Question 12

What forms the building blocks of protein?

Answer 12

Amino acids

Question 13

What is the term for clogging and hardening of the arteries?

Answer 13

Arteriosclerosis

Question 14

What food contains the greatest abundance of bioflavonoids?

Answer 14

Citrus fruits

Question 15

What are measures of heat units, used to measure food energy for the body?

Answer 15

Calories

Question 16

What are compounds that break down sugars and supply body energy?

Answer 16

Carbohydrates

Question 17

What term refers to sugars made up of two simple sugars, such as lactose and sucrose?

Answer 17

Disaccharides

Question 18

What are catalysts that break down complex food molecules?

Answer 18

Enzymes

Question 19

What type of vitamin is riboflavin?

Answer 19

Vitamin B

Question 20

What mineral serves the function of forming and maintaining teeth and bones?

Answer 20

Calcium

Question 21

What mineral is required for energy use, water balance, and molecular movement?

Answer 21

Potassium

Question 22

What mineral is required for energy release and protein synthesis?

Answer 22

Magnesium

Question 23

What mineral moves carbon dioxide, regulates water levels, and transports materials through cell membranes?

Answer 23

Sodium

Question 24

What is NOT an important reason for estheticians to develop and use good health habits?

Answer 24

Seeking superficial approval

Question 25

How often should you exercise for about 30 minutes in order to maintain good health habits?

Answer 25

Three times a week

Question 26

What is true of water?

Answer 26

It is the one essential nutrient no person can live without

Question 27

What are fats?

Answer 27

Macronutrients used to produce energy in the body.

Question 28

What has been added to a food product if it is labeled as fortified?

Answer 28

One or more vitamins

Question 29

What is glycosaminoglycan?

Answer 29

Water-binding substance between the fibers of the dermis.

Question 30

What is hypoglycemia?

Answer 30

Condition in which blood sugar drops too low.

Question 31

What is the common name for linoleic acid, which is used to make important hormones?

Answer 31

Omega-6

Question 32

What is true of macronutrients?

Answer 32

They make up the largest part of the nutrition we take in