Part 2 Culture Flashcards
culture
style of living developed in society
maintained generation through generation
material culture
physical objects created or assigned to cultural meaning
nonmaterial culture
societys customs believes, political structures
culture cooperation and accommodation
an english learner will thrive if his culture has a good relationship with the schools.
accommodation- acknowledge but ignore differences.
cultural assimilation
an individual is absorbed into a particular culture after being a member of a different one
can be free or forced
Cultural Values
a cultures highest ideals
cultural sanctions
rewards or consquences given to a group or indivdual to increase or decrease a certaint behavior
cultural norms
specific rules regulating behavior in a culture
treating men and women equal in the us
formal and informal norms
formal no murder
informal chewing with your mouth open
social markers, laws, and folkways
social markers,- any part of behavior that identifies the character of a group of people
laws, -social norms made by government
and folkways - social norms that have become habit
tipping your waiter.
cultural pluralism, subcultures, reference groups
cultural pluralism, -multiple cultures exist within the same society
subcultures,- smaller cultures within a large culture —-indie hip hop
reference groups
groups you aspire to be like
wealthy people overcompensate and buy expensive shyt
marines buy guns and hummers
dominant culture and ethnocentrism
dominant culture - culture whose norms are forced on rest of society
ethnocentrism - viewing your culture as superior….like Nazis
thinking marines better then army cause your a marine
cultural relativism
any culture can be understood in relation to the rest. a reaction to western ethnocentrism….some people think this makes contructive critism impossible
progress, cultural lag, and diffusion
progress,- social and technological progress is inevitable
cultural lag,- a change in one culture is not answered by other parts of the culture
technology may change the city but not the Amish
and diffusion - how tech and politics spread from one culture to another…..
acculturation
borrowing cultures from another culture into your own…
syncretism
when a lesser culture borrows from the dominant culture japan from us after ww2
culture shock
.when you come across cultures that are vastly different then your own
honeymoon, shock, negotiation, and acceptance
convergent cultural evolution
when different cultures develop similar traits because they live in similar environments
iraq and saudi arabi less power to woman
cultural determinism
variation is unlimited and culture can shape human nature in any form.
and thinking your culture is better then anyone elses
cultural gatekeepers
.DJ
people that have prominant roles to influence culture
cultural universals
elements found within every culture….music, language, games, sports
cultural pluralism
several cultures thriving alongside each other.
Intra and Intergroup differences
intragroup- same language different cultures
intergroup - different language different culture
Instruction for immigrants
might have parents unfamiliar with language
instruction for kids of immigrants
may be shy if from small community
instruction for refugees
may feel isolated and miss home. different weather. may be dealing with psychological issues
instruction for ELL students born in the US.
should be easiest but dont assume but could get bored so have alternative activites
Teachers cultural background
make sure yours isn’t biased or filled with prejudices
Nonverbal communication and turn talking habits
be aware of your gestures and face to face distance
teach esl kids to take turns
Promoting Cooperation between students from different backgrounds
making esl kids from different cultures work together in groups.
social role
a persons niche within society……how society says you should behave…a father takes care of his kids
multiculturalism
.different cultures should work to understand each other
role performance, impression management, and studied nonobservance
role performance- how people holding a role actually behave
impression management- a conscious manipulation of your role performance
and studied nonobservance- when you ignore someones lapse in role performance to preserve harmony
role set, role strain, role exit, and role taking
role set, - full group of roles associated with a type of status
role strain,- difficulty you have meeting the social obligations of a role, a preacher never having sex
role exit- when you lose a role, not a son when your dad dies
and role taking - when you imagine yourself in another role….imagining yourself in someone elses shoes.
socialization
how you become a participating member of society
gender socialization
how you learn about the gender roles of society for males and females
class socialization
middle class is socialized different then poor or rich….blue collar hard working etc
Primary socialization
how you socialize in your family and what roles you take in your family
2ndary socialization
how you socialize with friends, school, and everything on the outside
anticipatory socialization
when you alter your believes because of socialization you are about to undergo ….I wear a suit and tye to an interview
desocialization
when you get rid of a role or value
internalization of norms
development of a conscience whereas we accept a society norm as correct….its wrong to sleep with your best friends wife
differential socialization
how different members of society develop different traits depending on what society needs from them
horizontal socialization
fundamental differences society has for you etc teachers, doctors
vertical socialization
differences society has for you based on social status etc wealthy vs poor
attachments, investments, involvements, and beliefs
attachments- bonds formed between individual members of society
, investments- material and emotional costs to make a place in society
involvements- amount of time you spend in activities
beliefs- how you think members of society should behave
family
basic unit of society ….nurture and stabalize the young….helping each other
Patrilineality and Matrilineality
whether the things inherited come from fathers side or mothers side of the family
nuclear family
mom and dad family
Endogamy, exogamy, polygamy, polyandry, polygyny
Endogamy, forcing someone to marry in his own social group
exogamy, marrying outside the group
polygamy, anyone with multiple wifes or spouses
polyandry, one wife two or more husbands polygyny one husband two or more wires
Soliciting Cultural Information
seeking cultural knowledge from esl kid and parents is good place to start
Applying Culture Knowledge
applying your students cultural knowledge to instruction
School Culture vs Native culture
balencing the two….two much similaritiy is boring not enough is bad….explore different cultures too
cultural values in the classroom
will develop and we must be aware to keep in contact with other values to shape good personal values?
promoting cultural diversity
be sensitive to every students culture but set high standards
structural considerations related to a multicultural classroom
be aware of how structures emeded into school effect the classroom culture….standards, how kids are grouped, etc
respect 4 diversity
.respect everyones culture
5 dimensions of multicultural education
empower minority groups and challenge students to become active citizens
multicultural education- different content knowledge
focus on the ways students form ideas and opinions try to remove bias
attention to prejudice reactions
create equity pedagogy
create a school and social structure empowering to all students
basics of multicultural education
we went to make active citizens by including all cultures and participating in the community
hidden curriculum
the hidden rules teachers give there kids to succeed later in life….work quietly, get along with people etc
conservative multiculturalism
assumes minorities are poor
enforces eurocentric norms with standardized testing think IQ and SATs
liberal multiculturalism
assumes all people are the same and racial inequality is due to lack of opportunity
all people are on a level playing field
pluralist multiculturalism
diversity has intristic value study all cultures study all prejudices in inter class relations
but ignores class segregation
we discuss differences but forget to highlight similarities
critical multiculturalism (the best)
discuss similarities and differences of cultures……justice is available for all but not always distributed equally so be mindful of that kids
explore your own basis for knowledge and the way you see the world
