part 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

reactants

A

reactants are the substance you begin with in a chemical reaction

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2
Q

products

A

products are the substance that are created in a chemical reaction

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3
Q

reactivity

A

whether a substance has changed or not

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4
Q

corrodibility

A

whether or not a substance breaks down due to a chemical reaction with water or oxygen

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5
Q

flammability

A

whether a substance has the ability to be burned or not.

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6
Q

toxicity

A

whether a substance is poisonous or not

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7
Q

light sensitivity

A

whether a substance reacts with light or not

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8
Q

Law of Conservation of Mass

A

in a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants is the same as the total mass of the products

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9
Q

Law of Constant Proportions

A

in chemical compounds the ratio of the elements is always the same

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10
Q

exothermic

A

chemical reactions that give out heat energy

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11
Q

endothermic

A

chemical reactions that absorb heat energy from the surroundings

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12
Q

chemical energy

A

energy stored in chemical bonds that is released during chemical reactions

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13
Q

chemical process

A

a reaction that changes the arrangement of the atoms or molecules of the substances involved

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14
Q

synthesis reactions

A

synthesis reactions occur when two chemicals combine to form one larger particle

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15
Q

decomposition reaction

A

decomposition reactions occur when one chemical compound breaks up to from two or more smaller chemicals.

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16
Q

combustion reaction

A

combustion reactions happen when something organic reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide gas and water.

17
Q

single displacement reactions

A

single displacement reactions happen when a pure element replaces another element in chemical compound

18
Q

double displacement reaction (precipitation reaction)

A

double displacement reactions happen when the cations of two ionic compounds switch places and forms a solid

19
Q

acid base reaction

A

also known as neutralization reactions, are just double displacement reactions in which water is formed.

20
Q

alpha particle/decay

A

Alpha particles, also called alpha ray or alpha radiation, consist of two protons and two neutrons bound together. they have a positive charge. alpha particles can be stopped by a sheet of paper

21
Q

beta particle/decay

A

A beta particle, also called beta ray or beta radiation, is a high-energy, high-speed electron emitted by the radioactive decay of an atomic nucleus during the process of beta decay. Aluminum can stop a beta particle.

22
Q

gamma ray/decay

A

gamma rays have no mass and no charge. they are made up of electromagnetic waves. lead can stop gamma rays

23
Q

isotope

A

Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number, and consequently in nucleon number. All isotopes of a given element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons in each atom.