Part 1 GI...I'm doing it in parts...I don't want a deck over 100 Flashcards
What is ileus?
Loss of normal propulsive function of the bowel in absence of mechanical obstruction
Associated with a variety of conditions
What causes a hernia? What can a hernia cause?
Defect in peritoneal wall –> protrusion of serosal lined pouch of peritoneum
External herniation can cause blood flow obstruction
What are bowel adhesions?
Fibrous bands of scar tissue b/w bowel segments, the abdominal wall, or operative site –> obstruction and/or internal herniation
Have an underling cause (surgery, infection, injury)
Rarely congenital
What is a volvulus?
Complete twisting of a loop of a bowel about its mesenteric base
Where would you most likely see a volvulus?
Colon
What causes a volvulus?
Developmental anomalies–malrotation
Occurs in children OR adults
What is a intussusception?
A constricted segment telescopes into distal segment
What causes intussusception in infants/kids?
Underlying anatomic defect
What causes intussusception in older kids/adults?
Intraluminal tumor/mass
Where does stenosis commonly occur in the GI tract?
Esophagus
Small Bowel
Anus…imperforate anus
What is an omphacele?
Incomplete closure of the abdominal musculature…abdominal viscera herniate into a ventral membranous sac
What is gastroschisis?
Basically an omphacele but defect involves all layers of the abdominal wall
What is Meckel’s diverticulum?
True diverticulum (composed of all 3 layers)
Due to failed involution of the vitelline duct
What are the “rules of 2” for Meckel’s diverticulum?
Not from Nelson…but seemed like a place to put it
2% of population 2' from ileocecal valve 2 types of heterotopic tissue (gastric or pancreatic) 2" in length 2yo
Which type of heterotopic tissue causes more problems?
Gastric