Part 1: Civil War & Reconstruction Flashcards

1
Q

Large piece of land in the South where one cotton is planted for widespread commercial sale. These farms used slave labor

A

Plantations

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2
Q

Compromise between the North and South by Henry Clay regarding the expansion of slavery in the new territories. 1. California admitted as a free state 2. Slaves banned in Washington D.C. 3. Tougher fugitive Slave Law enacted

A

Compromise of 1850

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3
Q

Individuals usually from the North who wanted to end slavery in the entire United States

A

Abolitionists

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4
Q

Compromise introduced by Stephen Douglas, which repealed the Missouri compromise (1920) by applying popular sovereignty which allowed the people of Kansas and Nebraska to decide if they wanted slavery within their territories.

A

Kansas-Nebraska Act

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5
Q

Supreme Court decision (1857) stating that this slave did not have the right to sue for his freedom since he was not a U.S. citizen, but the property of another person. Decision also stated that slavery could not be prohibited anywhere in the United States (including the north)

A

Dred Scott Decision

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6
Q

Presidential election in which Abraham Lincoln was elected president. As a result Southern states starting with South Carolina decided to leave the Union.

A

Election of 1860

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7
Q

Confederate forces fired on the federal fort located in the Harbor of Charleston South Carolina which led to the beginning of the Civil War

A

Fort Sumter

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8
Q

What were the Long Term Causes of the Civil War

A
  1. Slavery: Differing economic needs/reliance on slavery in the south 2. Sectionalism- loyalty to the section of the country as opposed to loyalty to the nation 3. extension of Slavery State’s right
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9
Q

Northern Strategy first suggested by General Windfield Scott that proposed strangling the South with a naval blockade of Southern ports and the use of Northern naval power to seize control of the Mississippi and split the Confederacy in two.

A

ANACONDA PLAN

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10
Q

Wartime act by President Lincoln that announced all slaves in those territories still in rebellion would be freed. The act did not free any slaves in the border states.

A

EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION

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11
Q

This battle is considered the turning point of the Civil War. After this battle the South never would attack into the Northern territories again.

A

BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG

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12
Q

Speech Given by Abraham Lincoln honoring those who fought and lost their lives at the Battle of Gettysubrg.

A

GETTYSBURG ADDRESS

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13
Q

This Amendment abolished slavery in the entire United States

A

13th AMENDMENT

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14
Q

This amendment gave African Americans citenzhip and equal protection under the law.

A

14TH AMENDMENT

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15
Q

This Amendment gave African Americans the Right to vote

A

15th AMENDMENT

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16
Q

laws written by Southern States that prevented freedmen (person of color) from voting, holding office serving on juries.

A

BLACK CODES

17
Q

System of agriculture used in South where Farmers would give a portion of their crops to the landowner in exchange for use of land

A

SHARECROPPING

18
Q

Landowner forces a worker to pay off a debt with work

A

DEBT PEONAGE

19
Q

Northerners who moved to the South after the Civil War to take advantage of the unstable social, financial and political climate.

A

CARPETBAGGER

20
Q

First African American in Congress

A

Hiram Rhodes Revels

21
Q

plan by Abraham Lincoln to reintegrate the South after the end of the Civil War

A

10 PERCENT PLAN

22
Q

Group of the Republican party who believed the South should be punished and African Americans be given full political rights. This group attempted to impeach (kick out) President Andrew Johnson from office due to his opposition to Republican reconstruction plan.

A

RADICAL REPUBLICANS

23
Q

Laws passed in the South after Reconstruction that required racial segregation

A

JIM CROW LAWS

24
Q

Groups that believe in White Supremacy. Formed in the South to terrorize African American and helped enforce segregation in the South

A

KU KLUX KLAN

25
Q

Fees charged only to African Americans who registered to vote. The tax was used to prevent African Americans from voting

A

POLL TAX

26
Q

Reading tests given to blacks during the Jim Crow era in the South to prove they could read in order to vote. Tests were not given to whites.

A

LITERACY TESTS

27
Q

Government policy that promised settlers 160 acres of land for free if they farmed it for five years.

A

THE HOMESTEAD ACT

28
Q

Act which allowed each male Indian 160 acres of reservation land as their own private property. This act was an attempt to assimilate the Indians to the American way of life.

A

DAWES ACT

29
Q

The completionof this railroad in line in 1869 allowed for the expansion of the western frontier and opened up the Great Plains to settlers

A

TRANSCONTINENTAL RAILROAD

30
Q

Defeat of Federal forces led by General Gusters by the Sioux Indians such as Crazy Horze and Sitting Bull (holy man).

A

Battle of Little Big Horn

31
Q

Name for the system where Federal lands were set aside for Indians to live in order to help settle the West.

A

THE RESERVATION SYSTEM

32
Q

Name three technologies that helped settlers live and farm on the Great Plains.

A
  1. Steel Plow to fetilize the soil
  2. Barb wire to mark private property
  3. Windmills to pump water in order to irrigate the crops