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Australian Citizenship Test 2018 > Part 1 - Australia and its people > Flashcards

Part 1 - Australia and its people Flashcards

Preparation for the Australian Citizenship Test

1
Q

Australia’s first inhabitants

A

the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people / the Indigenous people of Australia

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2
Q

Where do Aboriginal people live (1) and how long have they lived there (2)?

A
  1. on mainland Australia and in Tasmania
  2. between 40 000 and 60 000 years
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3
Q

Where do Torres Strait Islanders live?

A

on the islands of the Torres Strait (north of Queensland)

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4
Q

Indigenous people have a deep connection with the … (1) that is expressed in their … (2)

A
  1. land
  2. stories, art and dance
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5
Q

When did European settlement in Australia start?

A

on 26 January 1788

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6
Q

What happened on 26 January 1788?

A

the FIRST FLEET, comprised of 11 convict ships, arrived from Great Britain, and so European settlement in Australia started

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7
Q

What event marks the start of the European settlement in Australia?

A

The arrival of the FIRST FLEET, comprised of 11 convict ships, from Great Britain

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8
Q

Why did the British Government originally decide to transport convicts from Great Britain to Australia?

A

because at that time British laws were harsh and the jails could not hold the large number of people imprisoned for their crimes

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9
Q

Where did European settlement of Australia start?

A

in the colony of New South Wales

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10
Q

Who was the first governor of the colony of New South Wales?

A

Captain Arthur Phillip

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11
Q

The first free European settlers to arrive in Australia were from …

A

Great Britain and Ireland

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12
Q

What was discovered in the colonies of New South Wales and Victoria in 1851?

A

gold

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13
Q

A first big increase in Australian population occurred in … (1) caused by … (2)

A
  1. 1851
  2. the discovery of gold in the colonies of New South Wales and Victoria
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14
Q

The first large group of non-European migrants where from … (1); they came to Australia because of … (2)

A
  1. China
  2. the discovery of gold in the colonies of New South Wales and Victoria in 1851
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15
Q

On … (1), the Australian colonies were united into … (2)

A
  1. 1 January 1901
  2. a federation of states called the Commonwealth of Australia
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16
Q

What is the Commonwealth of Australia?

A

the federation of states that constitute the Australian nation

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17
Q

How large was the population of Australia when the Commonwealth of Australia was established?

A

about four million people (this number did not include the Indigenous people)

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18
Q

How did migration to Australia develop in the first half of the 20th century?

A

migration levels rose and fell

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19
Q

Throughout the first half of the 20th century, there were programs to activitly encourage migrants from … to settle in Australia

A

Great Britain

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20
Q

How did migration to Australia develop after World War II?

A

A wave of non-British migrants came to Australia because millions of people in Europe had to leave their homelands.

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21
Q

What are current trends of migration to Australia?

A

People from all over the world come here to join family, to make a new life in a young country, or to escape poverty, war or persecution.

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22
Q

What is the current size of the population in Australia?

A

about 24 million people

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23
Q

Which fraction of the current population of Australia was born overseas?

A

more than one quarter

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24
Q

What is Australia’s national language?

A

English

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25
Q

How many languages are spoken in Australia?

A

more than 200

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26
Q

Why is everyone in Australia encouraged to learn and use English?

A
  1. to participate in Australian society
  2. to make the most of living and working in Australia
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27
Q

The Commonwealth of Australia is a federation of … (1) and … (2).

A
  1. states
  2. territories
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28
Q

Australia has … (1) states and … (2) mainland territories.

A
  1. six
  2. two
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29
Q

states of Australia

A
  1. New South Wales (NSW)
  2. Victoria (Vic.)
  3. Queensland (Qld)
  4. Western Australia (WA)
  5. South Australia (SA)
  6. Tasmania (Tas.)
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30
Q

mainland territories of Australia

A
  1. Australian Capital Territory (ACT)
  2. Northern Territory (NT)
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31
Q

capital city of New South Wales

A

Sydney

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32
Q

capital city of Victoria

A

Melbourne

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33
Q

capital city of Queensland

A

Brisbane

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34
Q

capital city of Western Australia

A

Perth

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35
Q

capital city of South Australia

A

Adelaide

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36
Q

capital city of Tasmania

A

Hobart

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37
Q

capital city of Australian Capital Territory and capital city of Australia

A

Canberra

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38
Q

capital city of Northern Territory

A

Darwin

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39
Q

Sydney

A

capital city of New South Wales

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40
Q

Melbourne

A

capital city of Victoria

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41
Q

Brisbane

A

capital city of Queensland

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42
Q

Perth

A

capital city of Western Australia

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43
Q

Adelaide

A

capital city of South Australia

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44
Q

Hobart

A

capital city of Tasmania

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45
Q

Canberra

A

capital city of Australian Capital Territory and capital city of Australia

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46
Q

Darwin

A

capital city of Northern Territory

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47
Q

largest city in Australia

A

Sydney

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48
Q

flag of New South Wales

A

British Blue Ensign with cross of St George in red on a white disc

49
Q

flag of Victoria

A

British Blue Ensign with Southern Cross topped by an imperial crown (St Edward’s Crown)

50
Q

flag of Queensland

A

British Blue Ensign and light blue Maltese cross with a St Edward’s Crown on a white disc

51
Q

flag of Western Australia

A

British Blue Ensign with native black swan on gold disc

52
Q

flag of South Australia

A

British Blue Ensign with piping shrike on gold disc

53
Q

flag of Tasmania

A

British Blue Ensign with red lion on white disc

54
Q

flag of Australian Captial Territory

A

Southern Cross stars on blue panel with ACT coat of arms on yellow background

55
Q

flag of Northern Territory

A

Southern cross stars on black panel and Sturt’s Desert Rose on ochre background

56
Q
A

flag of New South Wales

57
Q
A

flag of Victoria

58
Q
A

flag of Queensland

59
Q
A

flag of Western Australia

60
Q
A

flag of South Australia

61
Q
A

flag of Tasmania

62
Q
A

flag of Australian Captial Territory

63
Q
A

flag of Northern Territory

64
Q

Which are the most famous sites in Sydney (and national icons of Australia)?

A
  1. Harbour Bridge
  2. Opera House
65
Q

Which is the smallest of Australia’s mainland states?

A

Victoria

66
Q

Which Australian state has many fine buildings dating back to the gold rush of the 1850s?

A

Victoria

67
Q

Which is the second largest of Australia’s states?

A

Queensland

68
Q

To which Australian state do the Torres Strait islands belong?

A

Queensland

69
Q

The Great Barrier Reef runs along the coast of …

A

Queensland

70
Q

Which famous natural sight can be found along the eastern coast of Queensland?

A

Great Barrier Reef

71
Q

Which is Australia’s largest state?

A

Western Australia

72
Q

Which is the dominant kind of landscape found in Western Australia?

A

desert

73
Q

Which Australian state is home to large mining projects?

A

Western Australia

74
Q

Which fraction of Western Australia’s population live in Perth?

A

about 75%

75
Q

Which Australian state is particularly famous for its many wine regions?

A

South Australia

76
Q

Which Australian city has many examples of fine colonial architecture?

A

Adelaide

77
Q

Which is Australia’s smallest state?

A

Tasmania

78
Q

What separates Tasmania from the Australian mainland?

A

Bass Strait

79
Q

The Australian Capital Territory is situated half way between … (1) and … (2).

A
  1. Sydney
  2. Melbourne
80
Q

Parliament House and the High Court of Australia can be found in …

A

Canberra

81
Q

Where do most people in the Northern Territory live?

A
  1. in Darwin
  2. along the main highway between Darwin and Alice Springs
82
Q

To which Australian state does Alice Springs belong?

A

Northern Territory

83
Q

Which is the main town near the centre of Australia?

A

Alice Springs

84
Q

What are 2 important days for Australians?

A
  1. Australia Day
  2. AnzacDay
85
Q

When is Australia Day celebrated?

A

on 26 January

86
Q

What is the biggest annual public event in Australia?

A

Australia Day

87
Q

What is celebrated on Australia Day?

A
  1. All that is great about Australia and being Australian
  2. The Australian history and the people that have made Australia great
88
Q

On which day are many citizenship ceremonies held across Australia?

A

on Australia Day

89
Q

Which historical event occurred on the date of Australia Day?

A

the arrival of the First Fleet from Great Britain in 1788 under Captain Arthur Phillip

90
Q

When and where does the Prime Minister announce the Australian of the Year Awards?

A

on the eve of Australia Day in Canberra

91
Q

When is Anzac Day celebrated?

A

on 25 April

92
Q

What does “Anzac” stand for?

A

Australian and New Zealand Army Corps

93
Q

Which historical event occurred on the date of Anzac Day?

A

the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps landed at Gallipoli in Turkey during World War I in 1915

94
Q

What do we remember and honour on Anzac Day?

A
  1. The sacrifice of all Australians who served and died in wars, conflicts and peacekeeping operations.
  2. The courage and commitment of all servicemen and women.
95
Q

Which flags are officially recognized in Australia?

A
  1. the Australian National Flag
  2. the Australian Aboriginal Flag
  3. the Torres Strait Islander Flag
96
Q

Which is the official flag of Australia and what are its colours?

A
  1. the Australian National Flag
  2. blue, white and red
97
Q

What are the parts that the Australian National Flag consists of?

A
  1. the Union Jack (flag of the United Kingdom) in upper left corner
  2. the Commonwealth Star in lower left corner (seven points - one for each state and one for the territories)
  3. Southern Cross on right hand side (5 stars as seen in the southern sky)
98
Q

What are the colours of the Australian Aboriginal Flag?

A

black, red and yellow

99
Q

What are the parts that the Australian Aboriginal Flag consists of?

A
  1. the black top half represents the Aboriginal people of Australia
  2. the bottom red half represents the earth and the spiritual relation to the land
  3. the yellow circle represents the sun
100
Q

What are the colours of the Torres Strait Islander flag?

A

green, blue, black and white

101
Q

What are the parts that the Torres Strait Islander Flag consists of?

A
  1. 2 green stripes at top and bottom represent the land
  2. the blue panel in the centre represents the sea
  3. 2 black lines above and below the blue panel represent the Torres Strait Islander people
  4. a white dancer’s headdress in the centre as a symbol for all Torres Strait Islanders
  5. A white star in the centre with 5 points representing the island groups in the Torres Strait
102
Q

What does the colour white symbolise on the Torres Strait Islander Flag?

A

peace

103
Q

What is the official symbol of the Commonwealth of Australia?

A

the Commonwealth Coat of Arms

104
Q

What does the Commonwealth Coat of Arms represent and identify?

A
  1. it represents Australia’s national unity
  2. it identifies the authority and the property of the Commonwealth of Australia
105
Q

What parts does the Commonwealth Coat of Arms consist of?

A
  1. a shield in the centre representing the six states and federation
  2. a kangaroo (native Australian animal) and an emu (native Australian bird) supporting the shield on each side
  3. a golden Commonwealth Star above the shield
  4. the golden wattle (Australia’s national flower) in the background
106
Q

What is Australia’s national flower?

A

the golden wattle

107
Q

In which part of Australia does the golden wattle mainly grow?

A

in south-eastern Australia

108
Q

What are the features of the golden wattle?

A

it has bright green leaves and many golden yellow flowers in spring

109
Q

What are Australia’s national colours?

A

green and gold (the colours of the golden wattle)

110
Q

What are the usual colours of Australia’s national sports teams?

A

green and gold (the colours of the golden wattle)

111
Q

What is Australia’s national gemstone?

A

the opal

112
Q

How was the opal created according to Aborinigal legends?

A

by a rainbow that touched the earth and created the colours of the opal

113
Q

What is the name of Australia’s national anthem?

A

Advance Australia Fair

114
Q

When is Australia’s national anthem sung?

A
  1. on occasions of national importance
  2. at Australian citizenship ceremonies
  3. at major sporting events
  4. at school
115
Q

What is the purpose of Australia’s national anthem?

A

it unites the nation and is a public expression of the joy and pride in being Australian

116
Q
A

Australian National Flag

117
Q
A

Australian Aboriginal Flag

118
Q
A

Torres Strait Islander Flag

Australian Citizenship Test 2018 (6 decks)

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