Part 1 Flashcards
Massage is defined as
a) the kneading of deep tissues and fascia
b) systematic and scientific manipulation of soft and superficial tissue
c) high impact manipulation of the soft tissue component
d) connective tissue manipulation
b) systematic and scientific manipulation of soft and superficial tissue
The smallest unit of structure of all living things is the
a) body
b) atom
c) organelle
d) cell
d) cell
The brain and the spinal cord are in the
a) dorsal cavity
b) ventral cavity
c) cranial cavity
d) caudal cavity
a) dorsal cavity
At which burn classification does the skin look white, blackened or charred?
a) 2nd
b) 1st
c) 4th
d) 3rd
d) 3rd
Sometimes called a “full thickness burn,” this type of injury destroys two full layers of your skin. Instead of turning red, it may appear black, brown, white or yellow. It won’t hurt because this type of burn damages nerve endings.
Which is not a function of the skeletal system?
a) support
b) posture
c) mineral storage
d) blood cell formation
b) posture
also movement and protection of internal organs
The primary functions of muscles are
a) heat production, support, movement
b) movement, posture, support
c) support, movement, exercise
d) heat production, movement, posture
d) heat production, movement, posture
Abduction is
a) extension of the coronal plane
b) flexion of the sagittal plane
c) flexion of the coronal plane
d) extension of the sagittal plane
a) extension (moving away from) of the coronal plane
Glands that secrete products into ducts are called
a) exocrine
b) endocrine
c) sebaceous
d) none of the above
a) exocrine
Examples of exocrine glands include sweat, salivary, mammary, ceruminous, lacrimal, sebaceous, prostate and mucous
Glands that secrete their product into the blood stream are called
a) exocrine
b) endocrine
c) sebaceous
d) none of the above
d) endocrine
Hypothalamus; Pineal Gland; Pituitary Gland; Thyroid; Parathyroid; Thymus; Adrenals; Pancreas
The primal function of the red blood cells is
a) defense against microbes
b) transport of gases
c) blood clotting
d) to produce plasma
b) transport of gases
Blood is composed of
a) Serum, RBC’s, WBC’s, platelets
b) plasma, WBC’s, erythrocytes, serum
c) plasma, RBC’s, WBC’s, platelets
d) platelets, thrombocytes, formed elements
c) plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
The liquid part, called plasma, is made of water, salts, and protein. Over half of your blood is plasma. The solid part of your blood contains red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Red blood cells (RBC) deliver oxygen from your lungs to your tissues and organs.
The universal blood donor is ___
O negative
The universal blood recipient is ___
AB Rh D positive
The two systems responsible for gas exchange are
a) respiratory and nervous
b) nervous and cardiovascular
c) respiratory and cardiovascular
d) none of the above
c) respiratory and cardiovasular
The structure where gas exchange takes place is the
a) bronchus
b) lung
c) alveoli
d) respiratory mucosa
c) alveoli (and capillaries)
Carbohydrate digestion is accomplished by the following enzymes
a) amylase
b) maltase
c) sucrase
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Digestion starts in the mouth: Saliva releases an enzyme called amylase
Carbs travel thru esophagus to stomach. Food is
now referred to as chyme. Stomach acid kills bacteria
From there chyme goes into first part of small intestine (duodenum). Then pancreas releases amylase. This enzyme breaks down the chyme into dextrin and maltose.
Small intestine makes lactase, sucrase, and maltase. These break down sugars into monosaccharides or single sugars. The single sugars are then processed by the liver and stored as glycogen. Other sugars are moved through the body by the bloodstream. The hormone insulin is released from the pancreas and allows the glucose to be used as energy.
Anything that’s left over after these digestive processes goes to the colon. It’s then broken down by intestinal bacteria. Fiber is contained in many carbohydrates and cannot be digested by the body. It reaches the colon and is then eliminated with your stools.
The functional unit of the kidney is
a) nephron
b) glomerolus
c) rena tubule
d) meoulla
a) nephron
Its chief function is to regulate water and soluble substances by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine.
The term that describes the reclining position is
a) prone
b) hyper extended
c) supine
d) resting position
c) supine
The humerus articulates with the
a) ulna
b) radius
c) scapula
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
The four types of tissue are
a) connective, nervous, muscle, serous
b) epithelial, nervous, connective, squamous
c) nervous, epithelial, muscle, connective
d) muscle, connective, cartilage, epithelial
c) nervous, epithelial, muscle, connective
What does the “all or none” principal mean?
The response of a nerve or muscle fiber to a stimulus at any strength above the threshold is the same: the muscle or nerve responds completely or not at all.
The sagittal plane
a) divides into unequal left and right parts
b) divides into equal left and right halves
c) divides into anterior and posterior parts
d) none of the above
a) unequal left and right parts
What separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities?
a) cartilage
b) pelvic inlet
c) ribs
d) diaphragm
d) diaphragm
The axial skeleton contains these bones:
a) ribs, sternum, hyoid, clavicle
b) skull, ossicles, hyoid, ribs, sternum, vertebrae
c) vertebrae, pelvis, skull, ribs
d) none of the above
b) skull, ossicles (middle ear), hyoid, ribs, sternum, vertebrae
What connects muscles to bones?
a) tendons
b) ligaments
c) cartilage
d) all of the above
a) tendons
To sedate a client which of the following is indicated?
a) slow movement
b) rhythmical movement
c) moderate pressure
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
R.I.C.E. stands for
a) relief, ice, compression, elevation
b) raise, ischemia, cold, elevation
c) rest, ice, compression, elevation
d) rest, ice, cold, elevation
c) rest, ice, compression, elevation
The shoulder joint is an example of
a) gliding joint
b) hinge joint
c) ball an socket joint
d) pivot joint
c) ball and socket joint
What are the 6 types of joints?
Ball and socket joint (only hip, shoulder; all da moves) Hinge joint (e.g. elbow (sometimes knee); one axis) Condyloid joint (e.g. wrist; biaxial; side to side, up and down, but no rotation) Pivot joint (e.g. btw C1 and C2; bone moves around own axis) Plane joint (e.g. carpals/metacarpals; gliding; very limited mvmt) Saddle joint (e.g. thumb; similar to condyloid, but more range)
What is the best position for massaging a pregnant woman?
a) prone
b) supine
c) side-lying
d) postural release position
c) left side-lying; use bolsters under head, under belly, between legs
Which endangerment site is locate behind the knee?
a) popliteal artery
b) median nerve
c) carotid artery
d) femoral artery
a) popliteal artery
Which endangerment site is located in the anterior elbow?
a) popliteal artery
b) carotid artery
c) jugular vein
d) median cubital vein
d) median cubital vein (aka median basilic vein)
It is a superficial vein, meaning that it lies close to the skin.
It is very clinically relevant as it is routinely used for venipuncture (taking blood) and as a site for an intravenous cannula