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AGRI 51 > part 1 > Flashcards

part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

SOIL PROFILE

A

vertical section (cross section) of the soil exposing all of its horizons

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2
Q

SOIL HORIZON

A

soil layer, approx. parallel to land surface

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3
Q

RESIDUAL PARENT MATERIAL

A

soils developed directly from bedrock

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4
Q

WATER
WIND
GRAVITY
ICE

A

ALLUVIUM
VOLCANIC ASH
COLLUVIUM
GLACIAL DRIFT

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5
Q

WEATHER

A

smaller area, can change anytime

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6
Q

CLIMATE

A

atmospheric wider area, longer period, dry and wet

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7
Q

LEACHING

A

water moves through the soil and removes the soluble constituents, CaCo3 reacts with HCl

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8
Q

BIOTURBATION

A

mixing of soils by organisms

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9
Q

FOREST

A

thin surface horizon, leached and light colored zone below the surface, accumulation zone that is often brown / red in color

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10
Q

GRASSLAND

A

thick, black surface horizon due to addition of large amounts of organic matter

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11
Q

RELIEF / TOPOGRAPHY

A

soil’s position in the landscape / slope or contour of the land surface

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12
Q

SUMMIT & SHOULDER

A

develop horizons the fastest

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13
Q

BACKSLOPE

A

develop slower

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14
Q

REASONS FOR SLOWER DEVELOPING OF HORIZONS

A

less leaching, rainfall will run off, more soil erosion

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15
Q

MOTTLES

A

splotches of red / gray because of poor drainage showing redoximorphic features

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16
Q

TIME

A

since the land became stable, how much the soil has undergone

17
Q

HASTEN SOIL DEVELOPMENT

A

permeable, unconsolidated parent material
warm, humid climate
forest vegetation
summit/ backslope landscape with good drainage

18
Q

RETARD SOIL DEVELOPMENT

A

impermeable, consolidated parent material
cold, dry climate
grassland
steeply slope with poor drainage

19
Q

WHAT HAPPENS TO SOIL AS IT GETS OLDER

A

redder in color due to Fe accumulation
thicker horizon
more clay content
higher acidity
leaching of nutrients resulting to less fertile

AGRI 51 (11 decks)

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