part 1 Flashcards

(69 cards)

1
Q

when was the reign of queen victoria?

A
  • 1837-1901
  • during her ruling britain was one of the richest and most powerful nations on earth
  • the british royal was spread all over europe through the marriages of Victorias children
  • “Grandmother of Europe”
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2
Q

What were Britains issues?

A
  • Britain was a divided nation.
  • Benjamin Disraeli a politician claimed that the lives led by the rich and poor were very different
  • About 3% were very rich 25% were relatively wealthy and the rest were working class.
  • There was no state sick pay, pensions or unemployment benefit. The injured and sick paid for their own medical care if they could afford it
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3
Q

population of britain in 1914?

A

41million

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4
Q

Britain: size of army in 1914

A

710,000

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5
Q

Britain: battleships

A

122

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6
Q

Britain: submarines

A

64

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7
Q

Britain: airforce

A

110 fighter and bomber planes

6 airships

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8
Q

Britain: number of colonies

A

56

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9
Q

Britain: populatoin of colonies

A

400 million

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10
Q

Britain: size of colonies

A

27 million square metres

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11
Q

Britain: coal production per year

A

300 million tonnes

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12
Q

Britain: steel production each year

A

11 million tonnes

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13
Q

what was France like in the early 1800s?

A
  • France was under the rule of napoleon

- it was one of the strongest and most feared military powers in the whole of Europe

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14
Q

What happened to the french in the 1870s?

A
  • the french were defeated by the German forces in the franco-prussian war
  • Germany took two areas of land from France and took the rich coal, steel and glass production regions of Alasace and Lorraine
  • many french people wanted revenge for what the germans did
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15
Q

What was science technology and culture like?

A
  • it was the best in the world
  • Paris was the centre of the world fashion industry
  • some of the most famous writers, painters and musicians lived in france
  • French food was viewed as the finest in the world
  • France led the world in the development of cinemas, aeroplanes, motorcars and motorcycles
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16
Q

How was France ruled?

A
  • France didnt have a royal family, it was republic, a nation ruled by by an elected president with the help of elected politicians.
  • the army generals also had lots of political power.
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17
Q

what was the french empire like?

A
  • it was the second largest

- Frances empire was mainly in west and north Africaand in south east asia.

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18
Q

France: Population (ALL STATS ARE IN 1914)

A

41 million

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19
Q

France: size of army

A

1,250,000

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20
Q

France:battleships

A

46

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21
Q

France: sumbarines

A

73

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22
Q

France: airforce

A

132 fighter and bomber planes

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23
Q

France: number of colonies

A

29

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24
Q

France: population of colonies

A

58 million

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25
France: size of colonies
11 million square kilometres
26
France: coal production per year
40 million tonnes
27
France: steel production each year
5 million tonnes
28
russia: population
159 million
29
russia: size of army
1,200,000
30
russia: battleships
26
31
russia: submarines
29
32
russia: airforce
360 fighter and bomber planes, 16 airships
33
russia: number of colonies
0
34
russia: size of colonies
0
35
russia: population of colonies
0
36
russia: coal production per year
36 million tonnes
37
russia: steel production each year
4 million tonnes
38
Russia before the war
- very ethnically mixed - it was a very split nation of both great wealth and extreme poverty - in 1894 tsar nicholas II took power, he believed that he was chose by god - nicky appointed family members and friends to important positions most of them werent qualified to do the job or were corrupt
39
what were russias issues?
- there was extreme poverty and the living conditions in the countryside were horrible - a poor harvest could mean death for thousands of people - there was little concern for the workers health and safety - trade unions were illegal in russia so industrial workers found it difficult to improve their conditions
40
germany: population of germany
65 million
41
germany: size of army
2,200,000
42
germany: battleship
85
43
germany: sumbarines
23
44
germany: airforce
246 fighter and bomber planes, 11 airships
45
germany:number of colonies
10
46
germany: population of colonies
15 million
47
germany: size of colonies
2.5 million square kilometres
48
germany before the war
- in 1870 there was no country called germany it was just a bunch of small states linked together - Prussia was bigger than the others and the king of prussia wanted to join all the other states together
49
germany: coal production per year
277 million tonnes
50
germany: steel production each year
14 million tonnes
51
AH: population
50 million
52
AH: size of army
810,000
53
AH: battleships
24
54
AH: sumbarines
6
55
AH: airforce
35 fighter and bomber planes | 1 airship
56
AH: number of colonies
0
57
AH: population of colonies
0
58
AH: size of colonies
0
59
AH: coal production per year
47 million tonnes
60
AH: steel production per year
5 million tonnes
61
AH before the war
- the union between austria and hungary took place in 1867 - AH had many different ethnic groups and nationalities each with its own languages - the two largest ethnic groups were germans and hungarians but there were also czech, slovaks, serbians, bosnians, croats, poles and many others
62
ruling AH
- AH had different elected parliaments based in vienna (austrian) and budapest (hungarian) - Politcal authority was held by the emperor franz josef, he was a well liked emperor but the government officials werent so popular
63
AH's issues
- the emperor was popular but the people he people he put in control of the varios regions were generally hated - there were regular riots and about the new laws put in place by the government - there were conflicts between ethnic groups
64
why did the kaiser visit morroco?
- in 1905 he visited Tangia because he wanted to challenge frances ambitions. - He wanted to see how far france could be pushed and to test the entente cordiale - he wanted to show that germany intended to be fully involved in world affairs
65
How did the French respond to Germany in morroco?
1905 | -it looked like war between germany and france was near but it never happened and a conference was held to settle this
66
what was the outcome of the conference at the algeciras in 1906?
- it was massively humiliating for germany because AH was the only country to back germany - France had control over the morrocan police even though they arent part of the french empire - Britain backed france as well as russia which made the alliance stronger.
67
what happened in morroco in 1911? (4 points)
-in 1911 there was a rebellion against the new sultan that broke out in fez, the capital city -the sultan asked the grench for help adn the french government sent 20,000 soldiers to fight the rebels -the german kaiser accused france of invading morroco and sent a warship named panther to the port of agadir as a show of strength -the british were worried about the arrival of the warship because it looked like germany were trying to create a naval base in agadir and the british were prepared for war
68
the results of the 1911 morrocan crisis
- germany was humiliated - many german people supported the kaiser and hsi action when the kaiser spoke of war they supported him too - britain was now convinced that german was a threat to euproean peace - britain and france grew closer - italy didnt support germany which weakened the triple alliance
69
what was the solution of the crisis in morroco 1911?
- a series of meetings between britch french and german politicians were held - britain and france stood firm against germany and the kaiser decided to back down - other countired such as italy also opposed germany - france took control fo morroco and germany was given some land in central africa as compensation