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History ww1 > part 1 > Flashcards

part 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

when was the reign of queen victoria?

A
  • 1837-1901
  • during her ruling britain was one of the richest and most powerful nations on earth
  • the british royal was spread all over europe through the marriages of Victorias children
  • “Grandmother of Europe”
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2
Q

What were Britains issues?

A
  • Britain was a divided nation.
  • Benjamin Disraeli a politician claimed that the lives led by the rich and poor were very different
  • About 3% were very rich 25% were relatively wealthy and the rest were working class.
  • There was no state sick pay, pensions or unemployment benefit. The injured and sick paid for their own medical care if they could afford it
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3
Q

population of britain in 1914?

A

41million

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4
Q

Britain: size of army in 1914

A

710,000

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5
Q

Britain: battleships

A

122

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6
Q

Britain: submarines

A

64

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7
Q

Britain: airforce

A

110 fighter and bomber planes

6 airships

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8
Q

Britain: number of colonies

A

56

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9
Q

Britain: populatoin of colonies

A

400 million

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10
Q

Britain: size of colonies

A

27 million square metres

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11
Q

Britain: coal production per year

A

300 million tonnes

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12
Q

Britain: steel production each year

A

11 million tonnes

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13
Q

what was France like in the early 1800s?

A
  • France was under the rule of napoleon

- it was one of the strongest and most feared military powers in the whole of Europe

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14
Q

What happened to the french in the 1870s?

A
  • the french were defeated by the German forces in the franco-prussian war
  • Germany took two areas of land from France and took the rich coal, steel and glass production regions of Alasace and Lorraine
  • many french people wanted revenge for what the germans did
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15
Q

What was science technology and culture like?

A
  • it was the best in the world
  • Paris was the centre of the world fashion industry
  • some of the most famous writers, painters and musicians lived in france
  • French food was viewed as the finest in the world
  • France led the world in the development of cinemas, aeroplanes, motorcars and motorcycles
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16
Q

How was France ruled?

A
  • France didnt have a royal family, it was republic, a nation ruled by by an elected president with the help of elected politicians.
  • the army generals also had lots of political power.
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17
Q

what was the french empire like?

A
  • it was the second largest

- Frances empire was mainly in west and north Africaand in south east asia.

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18
Q

France: Population (ALL STATS ARE IN 1914)

A

41 million

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19
Q

France: size of army

A

1,250,000

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20
Q

France:battleships

A

46

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21
Q

France: sumbarines

A

73

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22
Q

France: airforce

A

132 fighter and bomber planes

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23
Q

France: number of colonies

A

29

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24
Q

France: population of colonies

A

58 million

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25
Q

France: size of colonies

A

11 million square kilometres

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26
Q

France: coal production per year

A

40 million tonnes

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27
Q

France: steel production each year

A

5 million tonnes

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28
Q

russia: population

A

159 million

29
Q

russia: size of army

A

1,200,000

30
Q

russia: battleships

A

26

31
Q

russia: submarines

A

29

32
Q

russia: airforce

A

360 fighter and bomber planes, 16 airships

33
Q

russia: number of colonies

A

0

34
Q

russia: size of colonies

A

0

35
Q

russia: population of colonies

A

0

36
Q

russia: coal production per year

A

36 million tonnes

37
Q

russia: steel production each year

A

4 million tonnes

38
Q

Russia before the war

A
  • very ethnically mixed
  • it was a very split nation of both great wealth and extreme poverty
  • in 1894 tsar nicholas II took power, he believed that he was chose by god
  • nicky appointed family members and friends to important positions most of them werent qualified to do the job or were corrupt
39
Q

what were russias issues?

A
  • there was extreme poverty and the living conditions in the countryside were horrible
  • a poor harvest could mean death for thousands of people
  • there was little concern for the workers health and safety
  • trade unions were illegal in russia so industrial workers found it difficult to improve their conditions
40
Q

germany: population of germany

A

65 million

41
Q

germany: size of army

A

2,200,000

42
Q

germany: battleship

A

85

43
Q

germany: sumbarines

A

23

44
Q

germany: airforce

A

246 fighter and bomber planes, 11 airships

45
Q

germany:number of colonies

A

10

46
Q

germany: population of colonies

A

15 million

47
Q

germany: size of colonies

A

2.5 million square kilometres

48
Q

germany before the war

A
  • in 1870 there was no country called germany it was just a bunch of small states linked together
  • Prussia was bigger than the others and the king of prussia wanted to join all the other states together
49
Q

germany: coal production per year

A

277 million tonnes

50
Q

germany: steel production each year

A

14 million tonnes

51
Q

AH: population

A

50 million

52
Q

AH: size of army

A

810,000

53
Q

AH: battleships

A

24

54
Q

AH: sumbarines

A

6

55
Q

AH: airforce

A

35 fighter and bomber planes

1 airship

56
Q

AH: number of colonies

A

0

57
Q

AH: population of colonies

A

0

58
Q

AH: size of colonies

A

0

59
Q

AH: coal production per year

A

47 million tonnes

60
Q

AH: steel production per year

A

5 million tonnes

61
Q

AH before the war

A
  • the union between austria and hungary took place in 1867
  • AH had many different ethnic groups and nationalities each with its own languages
  • the two largest ethnic groups were germans and hungarians but there were also czech, slovaks, serbians, bosnians, croats, poles and many others
62
Q

ruling AH

A
  • AH had different elected parliaments based in vienna (austrian) and budapest (hungarian)
  • Politcal authority was held by the emperor franz josef, he was a well liked emperor but the government officials werent so popular
63
Q

AH’s issues

A
  • the emperor was popular but the people he people he put in control of the varios regions were generally hated
  • there were regular riots and about the new laws put in place by the government
  • there were conflicts between ethnic groups
64
Q

why did the kaiser visit morroco?

A
  • in 1905 he visited Tangia because he wanted to challenge frances ambitions.
  • He wanted to see how far france could be pushed and to test the entente cordiale
  • he wanted to show that germany intended to be fully involved in world affairs
65
Q

How did the French respond to Germany in morroco?

A

1905

-it looked like war between germany and france was near but it never happened and a conference was held to settle this

66
Q

what was the outcome of the conference at the algeciras in 1906?

A
  • it was massively humiliating for germany because AH was the only country to back germany
  • France had control over the morrocan police even though they arent part of the french empire
  • Britain backed france as well as russia which made the alliance stronger.
67
Q

what happened in morroco in 1911? (4 points)

A

-in 1911 there was a rebellion against the new sultan that broke out in fez, the capital city
-the sultan asked the grench for help adn the french government sent 20,000 soldiers to fight the rebels
-the german kaiser accused france of invading morroco and sent a warship named panther to the port of agadir
as a show of strength
-the british were worried about the arrival of the warship because it looked like germany were trying to create a naval base in agadir and the british were prepared for war

68
Q

the results of the 1911 morrocan crisis

A
  • germany was humiliated
  • many german people supported the kaiser and hsi action when the kaiser spoke of war they supported him too
  • britain was now convinced that german was a threat to euproean peace
  • britain and france grew closer
  • italy didnt support germany which weakened the triple alliance
69
Q

what was the solution of the crisis in morroco 1911?

A
  • a series of meetings between britch french and german politicians were held
  • britain and france stood firm against germany and the kaiser decided to back down
  • other countired such as italy also opposed germany
  • france took control fo morroco and germany was given some land in central africa as compensation

History ww1 (4 decks)

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