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Anatomy wk 7 -11 > Parotid Gland and temporal region > Flashcards

Parotid Gland and temporal region Flashcards

1
Q

Parotid gland secretes

A

serous acini only

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2
Q

what does the CT capsule and dense fibrous capsule extend as in the parotid gland

A

The stylomandibular ligament

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3
Q

where does the parotid gland travel

A

sharp medial turn to pierce buccal fat pad and buccinator to enter oral cavity at upper second molar

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4
Q

What are the terminal branches of the external carotid artery?

A

Superficial temporal and maxillary

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5
Q

Vein, nerve and artery present in the parotid gland?

A 
Retromandibular vein
Facial nerve - splits gland into superficial and deep portions 
External carotid artery 
Also contains auriculotemporal nerve 
Great auricular nerve found below gland
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6
Q

What is the parasympathetic secretomotor supply to the parotid gland?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

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7
Q

Where are the postganligionic fibres of the parotid gland from?

A

Plexus around ECA

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8
Q

What are the four muscles of mastication

A

temporalis, masseter and lateral and medial pterygoid

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9
Q

What innervates the muscles of mastication

A

mandibular division of trigeminal (CN V3)

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10
Q

What is the main functions of the muscles of mastication

A

elevation, depression, protrusion, retrusion and lateral sliding of the mandible

Depression may be by gravity or due to force using suprahyoid muscles

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11
Q

Temporalis

A

Covered by temporalis facia

Temporal fossa and fascia to the coronoid process and anterior border of the ramus of the mandible

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12
Q

What do the anterior and superior fibres of the temporalis do?

A

elevate mandible

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13
Q

What do the posterior fibres of temporalis do?

A

retract the mandible

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14
Q

What innervates temporalis?

A

Deep temporal nerves (x2) from the anterior division of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve ( CN V3)

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15
Q

Attachment of masseter

A

Zygomatic arch to lateral aspect of the ramus of the mandible

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16
Q

Function of masseter

A

Elevates mandible

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17
Q

What innervates the masseter

A

Masseteric nerve from the anterior divison of CN V3

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18
Q

Attachment of lateral pterygoid

A

Upper head from infratemporal surface of great wing of sphenoid
Lower head from lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate

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19
Q

Function of lateral pterygoid

A

Pulls neck of mandible forward with articulate disc (protrusion = both)

Helps with lateral chewing movements with medial pterygoid (one side)

20
Q

Lateral pterygoid is innervated by

A

nerve to lateral pterygoid - anterior divison of CN V3

21
Q

Medial pterygoid attachments

A

superficial head from tubercle of maxilla
deep head from medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate

Inserts into medial surface of angle of mandible

22
Q

Function of medial pterygoid

A

Assists in elevation

23
Q

Innervation of medial pterygoid

A

nerve to medial pterygoid from main trunk of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve ( CN V3)

24
Q

Movements of the mandible - Elevation

A

head of mandible and disc move backwards and head rotates on lower surface of the disk
- temporalis, masseter and medial pterygoid

25
Q

Movements of the mandible- Depression

A

head of mandible rotates on undersurface of articulate disc and mandible is pulled forward
-lateral pterygoid, digastric, geniohyoid, mylohyoid and gravity

26
Q

Movements of the mandible- Protrusion

A

articulate disc and head of mandible move forward
movement in upper part of cavity
- lateral pterygoid (medial pterygoid assists)

27
Q

Movements of the mandible- Retrusion

A

articulate disc and head of mandible moved backwards into mandibular fossa
- posterior fibres of temporalis

28
Q

Movements of the mandible- Lateral chewing

A

protrusion and retrusion combined - pterygoids

29
Q

Part of nerve to medial pterygoid passes through

A

otic ganglion but no synapse

pass to tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani

30
Q

Auriculotemporal nerve carries

A

postganglionic and parasympathetic fibres from otic ganglion to parotid
fibres originate in CN IX glossopharyngeal

31
Q

Lingual nerve is joined by

A

chorda tympani and carries parasympathetic fibres from facial nerve to submandibular (ganglion) and sublingual glands

32
Q

Terminal branches of external carotid artery

A

maxillary and superficial temporal

33
Q

Maxillary artery

A

arises behind neck of mandible, branches to muscles of mastication, tympanic membrane, upper and lower teeth, palate, nasal cavity, nasopharynx and meninges

34
Q

Superficial temporal artery

A

smaller branch, ascends in front of auricle dividing into anterior and posterior branches which supply the skin over the frontal and temporal regions

35
Q

Right common carotid is from

A

brachiocephalic branch

36
Q

Left common carotid is from

A

arch of aorta

37
Q

Posterior branches of ECA

A

Occipital

Posterior auricular

38
Q

Occipital artery

A

close to origin of facial, crossed by hypoglossal nerve.
Passes under posterior belly of digastric to enter posterior triangle.
Back of scalp

39
Q

Posterior auricular artery

A

level of upper border of digastric

scalp

40
Q

Anterior branch of ECA

A

Superior thyroid
lingual
Facial

41
Q

Superior thyroid artery

A

near origin, runs with external laryngeal nerve

Branch to SCM and laryngeal artery

42
Q

lingual artery

A

Opposite tip greater cornu of hyoid bone, passing deep to hyoglossus, crossed by hypoglossal nerve. Oral cavity

43
Q

Facial artery

A

Above tip of greater cornu, passes deep to posterior belly of digastric. Superior and inferior labial branches and angular artery to face

44
Q

Veins of head brief

A

superficial temporal and facial vein

45
Q

lymphatics of head

A

Deep cervical, occipital, parotid, submandibular, submental, superficial cervical

Anatomy wk 7 -11 (8 decks)

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