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Anatomy wk 7 -11 > Anterior Traingle of the neck > Flashcards

Anterior Traingle of the neck Flashcards

1
Q

How many triangles is the neck split into?

A

2

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2
Q

What are the names of the triangles of the neck?

A

Posterior and Anterior triangle

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3
Q

What divides the anterior from the posterior triangle?

A

Sternocleiodomastoid

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4
Q

Boundaries of the anterior triangle?

A

Anterior border = imaginary midline of the neck
Posterior border= anterior border of SCM
Base= mandible

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5
Q

Divisions of anterior triangle

A

Sub-mental
Sub- mandibular
Carotid
Muscular

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6
Q

Sub- mental triangle -

A

submental lymph nodes

begining of anterior jugular vein

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7
Q

Sub mandibular

A 
submandibular salivary gland 
lymph nodes
facial artery and vein 
carotid sheath 
hypoglossal nerve etc
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8
Q

Carotid

A

carotid sheath, branches of external carotid artery, internal jugular vein, hypoglossal, accessory and vagus nerve etc

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9
Q

Muscular

A

sternohyoid and sternothyroid to form the floor beneath which lies the thyroid gland. larynx, trachea and oesophagus

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10
Q

Fascia

A

superficial cervical fascia

deep cervical fascia

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11
Q

Superficial cervical fascia

A

This layer lies over the platysma muscle

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12
Q

Deep cervical fascia

A

Deep cervical fascia subdivided into 3 layers

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13
Q

3 layers of deep cervical fascia

A

Pretracheal layer
Alar fascia and carotid sheath
Prevertebral layer

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14
Q

Platysma

A

From fascia above pectoralis major and clavicle to lateral neck and onto mandible > very variable

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15
Q

Which nerve innervates platysma

A

Facial nerve - CN VII

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16
Q

Veins of triangle of neck

A

External jugular vein anterior to SCM (post triangle)
Internal jugular vein posterior to SCM (ant triangle)
Anterior jugular vein midline, may be absent

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17
Q

Cervical plexus

A

Anterior rami C 1-4
joined into loops that lie anterior to levator scapulae and scalenus medius
Covered by pre- vertebral layer of deep cervical fascia
Somatic motor and sensory (plus sympathetic)

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18
Q

Hypoid is split into two regions

A

Suprahyoid and Infrahyoid

19
Q

Suprahyoid

A

between hyoid bone and skull or mandible

20
Q

Infrahyoid

A

between hyoid bone and sternum or thyroid cartilage

21
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A

Digastric, mylohyoid, stylohyoid and geniohyoid

22
Q

What is the function of the suprahyoid muscles

A

Raise hyoid bone or depress mandible ( mylohyoid and digastric)

23
Q

Nerves which innervate suprahyoid muscles

A

Facial nerve - posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid

Mandibular division of trigeminal CNV3 - anterior belly of digastric and mylohyoid

24
Q

Geniohyoid

A

deep to mylohyoid

innervated by C1 via hypoglossal CN XII

25
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A

Omohyoid
Thyrohyoid
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid

26
Q

Nerves which innervate infrahyoid muscles

A

Ans cervicalis

Thyrohyoid is innervated by C1 via hypoglossal CN XII

27
Q

Where is the LCA from

A

Arch of aorta

28
Q

Where is RCA from

A

Brachiocephalic

29
Q

Internal carotid goes to

A

brain

30
Q

External carotid goes to

A

head, face and neck

31
Q

what is within the carotid sheath

A

common carotid artery ( bifurcates into internal and external artery)
internal jugular
Vagus nerve

32
Q

3 anterior branches of the external carotid artery

A

Superior thyroid artery
Lingual artery
Facial artery

33
Q

Vagus Nerve

A

CN X
Descends in the carotid sheath
Recurrent laryngeal branch to muscles of larynx
L around arch of aorta and R around subclavian artery
Internal and external laryngeal branches
Throughout thoracic inlet into superior mediastinum
parasympathetic to thorax and abdomen

34
Q

What type of gland is the thyroid gland

A

Endocrine

35
Q

How many lobes does the thyroid gland have?

A

2

36
Q

Isthmus of thyroid gland

A

the region of the thryoid gland which connects the two lobe and is over tracheal ring 2 or 3

37
Q

Where are the parathyroid glands located

A

embedded into the posterior surface of the thyroid

38
Q

Arterial supply of superior thyroid

A

First anterior branch of external carotid artery ( superior thyroid artery)

39
Q

Arterial supply of inferior thyroid

A

Branch of thyrocervical trunk of subclavian artery

40
Q

Venous drainage of L and R inferior thyroid veins

A

Drain into left brachiocephalic vein

41
Q

Venous drainage of superior and middle thyroid vein

A

Internal jugular vein

42
Q

submandibular salivary gland

A

inferior to mylohyoid, plus part in floor of mouth superior to mylohyoid

One duct on each side opens between first and second lower incisor

CN VII (facial nerve)

43
Q

Thoracic duct

A

Thoracic duct joins venous system in neck

Many local lymph nodes drain head and neck

Anatomy wk 7 -11 (8 decks)

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