Parotid gland and facial nerve

Question 1

The Parotid duct pierces which muscle?

Answer 1

buccinator

Question 2

Parotid gland is enclosed in…

Answer 2

the parotid sheath

Question 3

Facial nerve branches

Answer 3

• temporal
• zygomatic
• buccal
• marginal mandibular
• cervical

Question 4

Terminal branches of external carotid:

Answer 4

superficial temporal
maxillary

Question 5

the maxillary and superficial temporal veins provide venous drainage for the parotid gland. These then join to form…

Answer 5

the retromandibular vein

Question 6

describe the Parasympathetic innervation of the parotid gland (secretomotor innervation to produce saliva)

Answer 6

• preganglionic fibres from CN IX travel to otic ganglion in tympanic nerve and lesser petrosal nerve
• postganglionic fibres from otic ganglion pass to auriculatemporal nerve (CNV3) that sends branches to parotid gland

Question 7

describe sympathetic innervation of parotid gland

Answer 7

• derived from superior cervical ganglion and nerve plexus on external carotid artery

Question 8

The temporal branch of facial nerve innervates…

Answer 8

• temporalis
• forehead
• supra-orbital area

Question 9

Zygomatic branch of facial nerve innervates…

Answer 9

• muscles of infra-orbital area
• lateral nasal area
• upper lip

Question 10

buccal branch of facial nerve innervates..

Answer 10

• muscles of cheek
• upper lip
• corner of mouth

Question 11

marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve innervates…

Answer 11

• muscles of lower lip
• chin

Question 12

cervical branch of facial nerve innervates…

Answer 12

the platysma muscle

Question 13

Bell’s palsy symptoms

Answer 13

• unilateral paralysis in both upper and lower parts of face
• cause unknown -thought to be viral

Question 14

Bell’s palsy treatment

Answer 14

• steroids
• anti virals
• eye treatment e.g. eye drops, taping eye shut at night
  surgery after 2 years of no improvement