Parotid

Question 1

How do the salivary glands break down carbohydrates?

Answer 1

Salivary amylase (formerly known as ptyalin)

Question 2

What muscle connects the parotid duct and the parotid salivary gland?

Answer 2

Masseter

Question 3

What muscle lies under the sublingual salivary gland?

Answer 3

Mylohyoid

Question 4

What lies under the mucosa in the mouth?

Answer 4

Sublingual ducts

Question 5

What lies under the sublingual ducts?

Answer 5

Submandibular duct

Question 6

What lies under the submandibular duct?

Answer 6

Sublingual salivary gland

Question 7

What connects to the mylohyoid muscle from the back?

Answer 7

Submandibular salivary gland

Question 8

What type of morphology is involved with the bilateral parotids?

Answer 8

Lobular and irregular

Question 9

How is the parotid divided?

Answer 9

Deep and superficial lobes

Question 10

What are the parotids separated by?

Answer 10

Facial nerve

Question 11

How is the deep hollow parotid region bordered by?

Answer 11

Superiorly by the zygomatic arch, inferior border of the mandible, anteriorly by the masseter muscle near the second upper molar

Question 12

How is the deep hollow parotid region bordered by?

Answer 12

Superiorly by the zygomatic arch, inferior border of the mandible, anteriorly by the masseter muscle near the second upper molar, posteriorly by external ear/sternocleidomastoid

Question 13

How are the secretions of the parotid gland transported to the oral cavity?

Answer 13

Stensen duct

Question 14

Where does the Stensen duct arise?

Answer 14

Anterior surface of the gland and traverses the masseter muscle

Question 15

Where does the Stensen duct end?

Answer 15

The duct pierces the buccinator and moves medially and opens out into the oral cavity

Question 16

What neurovascular structures pass through the parotid?

Answer 16

Facial nerve, ECA, and retromandibular vein

Question 17

What’s another term for the facial nerve?

Answer 17

Cranial nerve VII

Question 18

What does the facial nerve give rise to?

Answer 18

5 terminal branches in the parotid gland which innervate the muscles of facial expression

Question 19

What does the ECA give rise to as it ascends through the parotid?

Answer 19

Posterior auricular artery

Question 20

What are the 2 terminal branches the ECA divides into (after the posterior auricular artery)?

Answer 20

Maxillary artery and superficial temporal artery

Question 21

How is the retromandibular vein formed within the parotid?

Answer 21

The convergence of superficial temporal and maxillary veins (a major structure responsible for venous drainage of the face)

Question 22

Which frequency transducer do you use for parotid?

Answer 22

Highest possible (5-12 MHz wide-band linear/median frequency

Question 23

Which frequency transducer do you use for parotid?

Answer 23

Highest possible (5-12 MHz wide-band linear/median frequency 7-7.5 MHz or more)

Question 24

What planes are used in scanning?

Answer 24

Transverse and coronal

Question 25

What is the echogenicity of parotids?

Answer 25

Hyperechoic homogenous

Question 26

How are normal intraparotid lymph nodes shaped?

Answer 26

Oval or longitudinal

Question 27

What do 60% of parotid nodes have?

Answer 27

Short axis to long axis ratio greater than 0.5

Question 28

What is an important presence for the normality of parotid lymph nodes?

Answer 28

Hyperechoic hilum