parliamentary law making and reform Flashcards
types of bills
public bills
private bills
private members bills
hybrid bills
what are public bills?
changes the law as it applies to the general public
what are private bills?
a law that is designed to effect individuals or corporations
what are private members bills?
bills that have been sponsored by individual MPs where they can present their bills to parliament
what are hybrid bills?
a mix of a public bill and a private bill as it affects the public but has a bigger affect on some individuals
where does the legislative process happen?
house of commons
house of lords
monarch
the pre-legislative process
green paper
white paper
legislative process
first reading
second reading
committee stage
report stage
third reading
house of lords
royal assent
green paper
used when unsure of the details of the law and changes can be made
white paper
the firm proposals of the new law
first reading
formal procedure where the name and the aims of the bill is read
second reading
the main debate on the whole bill, there must be a majority for the bill to continue
committee stage
each clause of the bill is examined by 16-50 MPs chosen for the bill
report stage
the committee reports back on additions accepted
third reading
the final vote where it is unlikely to fail then passed to the house of lords
house of lords
house of lords go through the stages again with all members
royal assent
monarch gives approval
influences on parliament (4)
1)government policy or manifesto promise
2)media
3)pressure groups
4)emergency situations
examples of government policy or manifesto promise
1)safety of Rwanda (Asylum and immigration) Bill to fulfil the Prime Ministers priority policy
2)European union (withdrawal agreement) act 2020 which fulfilled the manifesto of getting Brexit done
examples of media
1) 2023 XL bully ban
2) snowdrop campaign
3) Jamie Oliver and school dinners
Examples of pressure groups and lobbying
1) sectional pressure groups - represent a group of people such as professionals such as British medic al associations who campaigned against smoking in public
2)cause pressure groups - groups that exist to promote a cause such as the amnesty international which campaigns for human rights
examples of emergency situations
1) responds to potential threats such as 9/11 leaning to crime and security act 2001
2) Covid leading to an amendment of the public health act 1984 and enacted the coronavirus act 2020
