parkinsons drugs

Question 1

parkinson

Answer 1

• neurologic disorder that affects the extrapyrimadal motor tract
• distruption between brain and spine
• cognitive-nothing wrong
• motor-problem
• 3 major features: rigidity, bradykinesia (slow movement), tremors
• an imbalance of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) & acetylcholine(ACh)

Question 2

parkinsons

Answer 2

• drugs treat symptoms/not cure

* 5 categories:anticholinergics, dopaminergics,dopamine agonists, MAO-B inhibitors, COMT inhibitors

Question 3

anticholinergics

Answer 3

• block the cholinergic receptors & they decrease rigidity and tremors; inhibit the release of acetycholine
• not effective against the bradykinesia
• ex.artane, cogentin
• helps pt move a little easier

Question 4

dopaminergics

Answer 4

• levodopa(not used alone)
• levodopa & carbidopa (used together)
• treats symptoms of parkinsons and also helps to increase mobility
  ex. sinemet
• contraindicated in glaucoma, hepatic and cardiac disease
• helps rigidity

Question 5

dopamine agonists

Answer 5

• stimulate the dopamine receptors
• works well initially/tolerance does develop
• given po
  ex: symmetrel, parlodel

Question 6

MAO-B Inhibitors

Answer 6

• MAOP causes breakdown of dopamine
• used to treat early stages of the disease;may delay pt from taking carbodopa
• ex. eldepryl, azilect

Question 7

COMT Inhibitsor

Answer 7

*inactivates dopamine
in the brain
*enzyme prohibits dopamine
*ex. tasmar

Question 8

alzheimers

Answer 8

• deficiency of acetycholine & degeneration of the neurons
• no cure-only dx on autopsy-plaques and tangles
• treated w/acetycholinesterase inhibitors
• ex. aricept, exelon (patch), namenda
• onset-slow & progressive
• 1st short term memory, 2nd long term memory; mild & severe
• cannot diagnose; best guess