PARKINSONS DISEASE Flashcards
Parkinsons’ affects the B.S , a group of structures that help coordinate movement.
BASAL GANGLIA
It is a progressive neurological disorder that affects MOVEMENT.
Parkinson’s disease
What causes Parkinsons’s disease?
It primarily results from the DEGENATION OF DOPAMINE- PRODUCING NEURONS IN THE substantia nigra
A region of the brain that plays a critical role in CONTROLLING MOTOR FUNCTION.
Substantia Nigra
_______ is essential for smooth, coordinated muscle movements so its loss leads the chara teristic symptoms of PD.
DOPAMINE
It produces dopamine
Substantia Nigra
Parkinsons affects autonomic nervous system structures, leading to symproms beyond motor control, such as changes in
Bp, hr, and digestive function
The symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease can be divided into
MOTOR AND NON- MOTOR
Motor Symptoms of PD
- Tremor
- Rigidity
- Bradykinesia
- Postural Instability
Non - Motor Symptoms
- Cognitive Decline
- Mood Disorders
- Autonomic Dysfunctiom
- Sleep Disorders
- Loss of Smell
Motor symptoms - affect movent and control of muscles.
Non- Motor - affect other parts of the body and mind
Neurodegenerative condition resulting from loss of dopaminergic neurons in the brain,characterized by associated motor symptoms
PARKINSON’S DISEASE
Progressive , irreversible loss of neurons
NEURODEGENERATIVE
Pathophysiology of PD
● motor signals generated by CEREBRAL CORTEX
● Travel along Motor Pathways
● Producing Movement
Regulate motor signalling
Basal Ganglia
What part of the brain is primarily affected in Parkinson’s Disease?
Substantia Nigra
Which neurotransmitter is most significantly reduced in PD?
Dopamine
What are Lewy Bodies?
Lewy bodies are clumps of abnormal protein found inside neurons and their presence is a hallmark of Parkinson’s disease
How much dopamine -producing neurons in the substantia nigra are typically lost before motor symptoms appear kn Parkinsons’s disease?
Approx 60 - 80 %
How does the loss of dopamine affect the basal ganglia
It causes overactivity in some areas and underactivity in others
Loss of smell ( anosmia ) can be an early symptom of Parkinsons Diseasez often occuring before the more classic motor symptoms develop.
EARLY SYMPTOMS OF PD
Refers to slowness of movement , which is a hallamrk symptoms of PD
BradyKinesia
What type of symptoms are tremors in the PD ?
MOTOR SYMPTOMA
SHAKING of one hand when at rest
Tremor ( Motor Symptom )
Antiviral ( Generic ) treatment of IDIOPATHIC and Drug- induced Parkinsonism in adults.
AMANTADINE
Drug of choice for treatment of Focal SEIZURES AND TONIC-CLONIC SEIZURES; TREATMENT FOR TRIGEMINAK NEURALGIA, BIPOLAR DISORDER
CARBAMAZEPINE
Treatment of Depression, OCDs, social anxiety disorder, PTSD, panic disorders , PMDD
SERTRALINE ( ZOLOFT)
