Parkinson's Disease

Question 1

Parkinson’s disease

Answer 1

A neurodegenerative disease in which neurons at the base of the brain (substantia nigra) degenerate and gradually cease to function normally.

Question 2

Causes

Answer 2

• Degeneration of dopamine producing neurons in the substantia nigra (midbrain)
• Lack of dopamine produced in the substantia nigra results in tremors and difficulty initiating movement.

Question 3

Dopamine in Movement

Answer 3

A part of the brain called the basal ganglia regulates movement. The basal ganglia in turn depends on a certain amount of dopamine to function at peak efficiency. When there is a deficiency of dopamine in the brain, movements may become delayed and uncoordinated.

Question 4

Dopamine: Key Roles

Answer 4

Carries messages between neurons to ensure effective planning, initiation and maintenance of motor movements.

Question 5

Levodopa (L-dopa)

Answer 5

Chemical converted to dopamine by neurons. Alleviates symptoms in the early stages.