Parker SG (Temporal Fossa and Infratemporal Fossa) Flashcards
What region is the pterion located in?
Temporal Fossa
Why is getting hit in the pterion particularly dangerous?
- Its the weakest part of the skull
- Middle Meningeal a. runs deep to it
***Epidural Hematomas can happen relatively easily
What are 5 important fissures/ foramina in the Infratemporal Fossa?
- Foramen Ovale
- Foramen Spinosum
- Ptergomaxillary Fissure
- Ptergotympanic Fissure
- Alveolar Foramen
- *What passes through the Pterygotympanic Fissure?
- opens into?
**Chorda Tympani (CN VII)
- Opens into - Infratemporal Fossa (ITF)
What passes through Foramen Ovale?
- Opens into?
- Mandiblar n. (V3)
- Lesser Petrosal n. (IX)
- Accessory meningeal a.
- Opens middle cranial fossa to ITF
What passes through Foramen Spinosum?
- Opens into?
Middle Meningeal a.
- Opens middle cranial fossa to ITF
What passes through the Pterygomaxillary Fissure?
- Opens into?
- Maxillary a.
- Connects Ptergygopalatine Fossa to Infratemporal Fossa (ITF)
Space between what two bones creates the Pterygomaxillary Fissure?
Anterior:
Maxillary (posterior surface)
Posterior: Pterygoid Processes (anterior surfaces)
What bone is the pterygotympanic fissure found on?
Temporal Bone
sphenoid may contribute a bit medially
What are the most important contents of the ITF?
- Muscles of Mastication
- V3 and its branches
- Maxillary a. (1st, 2nd div.)
- Pterygoid Plexus
- Maxillary v. (arises from Pterygoid Plexus)
What are the 4 muscles of mastication?
- Temporalis
- Medial Pterygoid
- Lateral Ptergyoid
- Masseter
What is the common innervation of all the muscles of mastication?
- Motor Branches from V3
- Deep Temporal n.
- N. to medial Pterygoid
- N. to Lateral Pterygoid
- Massenteric n.
What is the most Important muscle for opening the mouth?
- why?
- Lateral Pterygoid
* Because it can protrude the Jaw
*****KNOW THE MUSCLE TABLE COLD
*****KNOW THE MUSCLE TABLE COLD
Where does the upper head of lateral Pterygoid insert?
- Into the ARTICULAR DISK of TMJ
What is the origin of the lower head of the lateral Pterygoid?
-insertion?
- LATERAL surface of LATERAL pterygoid Plate
- Inserts into Fovea of Mandible
What are the two heads of medial and lateral pterygoid?
Medial Pterygoid- Superficial and Deep Heads
Lateral Pterygoid - Upper and lower heads
What is the origin of the DEEP head of the medial pterygoid?
MEDIAL surface of LATERAL pterygoid Plate
What does temporalis insert?
CORONOID process of the mandible
What are the two motions achieved by the articular disk?
- locations of these motions?
Sliding - ABOVE articular disk
Hinge - BELOW articular disk
What are all of the muscles innervated by V3?
MAST
- Masseter
- Medial Pterygoid
- Lateral Pterygoid
- Temporalis
MATT
- Mylohyoid
- Anterior Digastric
- Tensor Tympani
- Tensor Veli Palatini
What two divisions are given off by V3 (mandibular n.) and what function (sensory/motor) is associated with each?
- Anterior Division
- all motor except for Buccal n. (V3 - GSA) - Posterior Division
- all sensory except for n. to mylohyoid (V3 - GSE)
What are the muscles and nn. of the anterior division of V3?
- Temporalis - Deep Temporal n.
- Masseter - Massenteric n.
- Lateral Pterygoid (LP) - N. to LP
- Buccal n. (V3)
***Note: medial Pterygoid Branches off before the division
What are the muscles and nn. of the posterior division of V3?
- Mylohyoid via n. to Mylohyoid - only motor
- Auriculotemporal n.
- Inferior Alveolar n.
- Lingual n.
What two branches are give off of V3 before division into trunks?
- N. to Medial Pterygoid
- Medial Pterygoid
- Tensor Veli Palatini
- Tensor Tympani - Small Meningeal Branch
What n. travels in the mandibular foramen?
- what does it do?
- Plexus association?
Inferior Alveolar
- GSA to mandibular teeth
- Inferior Dental Plexus
What is the terminal Branch of the Inferior Alveolar n.?
Mental n.
Where does the mental n. exit to move onto the superficial face?
- Innervates?
Mental Foramen
GSA to:
- Chin
- Lower Lip
What motor branch is given off by the inferior Alveolar n. leaving it with only sensory fibers?
- N. to Mylohyoid
What does the Auriculotemporal n. do?
- GSA or GVE
- Stuctures innervated
GSA to:
- Parotid Gland
- TMJ***
- Lateral Scalp
- Anterior ear
What hitchhiker does Auriculotemporal carry?
Post-ganglionic from the Otic ganglion
pre-ganlgionic GVE = tympanic –> Lesser petrosal n. (IX)
What is the relationship between the middle meningeal a. and the auriculotemporal n.?
- Auriculotempral wraps around middle meningeal
What artery does the Auriculotemporal n. Course with?
Superficial Temporal a.
What branches come off the 1st division of the Maxillary Artery?
- Deep auricular a.
- Anterior Tympanic a.
- Middle Meningeal a.
- Inferior Alveolar a.
- Accessory Meningeal a.
What branches come off the 2nd division of the Maxillary Artery?
- Massenteric a.
- Pterygoid a.
- Deep Temporal a.
- Buccal a.
What branches come off the 3rd division of the Maxillary Artery?
- Sphenopalatine a.
- Descending Palatine
- Infraorbital
- Posterior Superior Alveolar
- Middle Superior Alveolar
- Pharyngeal a.
- Anterior Superior Alveolar
- Artery of the Pterygoid Canal
What special relationship does middle meningeal have with a n.?
- Auriculotemporal Wraps around it
What branch from maxillary artery division runs in the mandibular foramen?
- Inferior alveolar n.
What n. does the Buccal a. run with?
- Buccal n. of V3**
What n. does the Sphenopalatine a. from branch 3 run with?
- Nasopalatine n. from V2
What 3 spaces does the 3rd part of the maxillary a. run through?
- Ptergomaxillary Fissure
- Pterygopalatine Fossa
- Sphenopalatine Foramen
What are the contents of the infratemporal Fossa?
- Sphenomandibular Ligament
- Medial Pterygoid
- Lateral Pterygoid
- Maxillary a.
- V3 ( mandibular)
- Chorda Tympani
- IX postganglionics
- Pterygoid Venous Plexus
