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Anatomy Week 14 BT > Parker SG > Flashcards

Parker SG Flashcards

1
Q

What forms the floor of the posterior ∆?

A
  • Middle Scalene
  • Posterior Scalene
  • Levator Scapulae
  • Splenius mm.
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2
Q

What forms the posterior ∆?

A
  • SCM (posterior aspect)
  • Trapezius (anterior aspect)
  • Middle 1/3 of Clavicle
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3
Q

What forms the SCALENE ∆?

A
  • Anterior and middle scalene

- Rib 1

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4
Q

T or F: the phenic nerve is in the scalene ∆?

A

FALSE, the phenic n. is NOT in the scalene ∆

**This clears up confusion form Dr. Hasty Lect

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5
Q

What goes through the scalene ∆?

A
  1. Trunks of Brachial Plexus
    - superior
    - middle
    - inferior
  2. Subclavian a. (NOT subclavian v.)
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6
Q

What is the the relationship of the trunks of the brachial plexus to the subclavian a.?

A
  • Superior and Middle go OVER the subclavian a.

- Inferior = DEEP to SUBCLAVIAN a.

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7
Q

What nerve root gives rise to the Dorsal Scapular n.?

A

C5

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8
Q

What nerves/nerve root give rise to the brachial plexus?

A

Superior Trunk of Brachial Plexus

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9
Q

What are the 3 division and 5 Branches of the subclavian a.?

A

Division 1:

  • Vertebral
  • Internal Thoracic
  • Thyrocervical truck (4 branches)

Division 2:
- Costocervical Trunk

Division 3:
- Dorsal Scapular n.

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10
Q

Where does the vertebral a. enter the transverse foramen?

A

C6

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11
Q

What are the 3 branches of the Thryocervical Trunk?

A
  • Inferior Thyroid a.
  • Transverse Cervical a.
  • Subrascapular a.
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12
Q

What arteries pin the phrenic nerve to the anterior scalene?

A
  • Transverse Cervical

- Suprascapular

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13
Q

Which branch originating from subclavian CROSSes the Brachial Plexus and which Weaves THROUGH the brachial plexus?

A

CROSSING:
- Transverse Cervical

THROUGH:
- Dorsal Scapular a.

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14
Q

What artery supplies the Parathyroid glands?

A
  • INFERIOR thyroid artery
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15
Q

What are the two branches of the costocervical trunk?

A
  • Deep Cervical a.

- Supreme Intercostal a.

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16
Q

How does the muscular arragment of the pharynx differ from the rest of the GI tract?

A

Pharynx:
Constictors OUTSIDE
Longitudinal Muscles INSIDE

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17
Q

Is there any GSE supply to the pharynx?

A

NO, its ALL BE from the pharyngeal arch mesoderm

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18
Q

Which fold of the pharyngeal arch mesoderm are the pharyngeal arch mesoderm derived from?
- Innervation?

A
  • ALL are 4/6th arch (CN X) EXCEPT:

Stylopharyngeus - 3rd arch (CN IX)

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19
Q

What is the extent of the nasopharynx?

- GSA innervation

A

Base of skull –> Soft Palate

Anterior:
- CN V(2)

Posterior:
- CN IX

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20
Q

What is the extent of the oropharynx?

- GSA innervation

A

Soft palate –> Hyoid Bone

  • CN IX
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21
Q

What is the extent of the laryngopharynx?

- GSA innervation

A

Hyoid Bone –> Cricoid Cartilage

CN X

  • Above Glottis: Internal Superior Layngeal
  • Below Glottis: Inferior Laryngeal
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22
Q

What do the upper fibers of the Superior Constrictor form?

A
  • Palatopharyngeal Sphincter
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23
Q

What is the Job of the Palatopharyngeal Spincter?

A

Close of Nasopharynx when swallowing

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24
Q

What closes off the OROphary when swallowing?

A
  • Palatopharyngeus
25
Q

What do the upper fibers of the inferior contrictor form?

A
  • Cricopharyngeus m.
26
Q

What pathalogy is associated with the cricopharyngeus m.?

A

Zenker Diverticulum

27
Q

What to the LOWER fibers of the inferior constrictors form?

A

UPPER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER

28
Q

What passes ABOVE the superior constrictor?

A
  • Pharyngobasilar Fascia
  • Pharyngeal arterial Branches
  • Levator Veli Paltini
  • Auditory tube
29
Q

**What 2 things pass between the middle and superior constrictor?

A
  • Stylopharyngeus m.

- CN IX (glossopharyngeal)

30
Q

**What passes between the middle and inferior constictor?

A
  • Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal n.
  • Superior Laryngeal a.

**THESE must pass THROUGH the thyroid membrane

31
Q

**What passes between the inferior constrictor and the esophagus?

A
  • Inferior Laryngeal n.
32
Q

T or F: the inferior constictor is located above the hyoid bone

A

FALSE

33
Q

What pins the phrenic n. onto anterior scalene?

A
  • Suprascapular a.

- Transverse scapular a.

34
Q

What 3 branches does vagus have in the neck?

A
  • Pharyngeal Branches
  • Superior Laryngeal n. (both internal and external branches)
  • Recurrent laryngeal (inferior laryngeal)
35
Q

When does recurrent laryngeal n. become inferior laryngeal n.?

A
  • Superior to the cricothryoid joint
36
Q

What ARTERY travels with the EXTERNAL BRANCH of the SUPERIOR LARYNGEAL N.?

A
  • SUPERIOR THYROID A.

**Going to the Cricothyroid m.

37
Q

What ARTERY travels with the INTERNAL branch of the SUPERIOR LARYNGEAL N.?

A
  • Superior Laryngeal a. (=> superior thyroid a.)

**Going to larynx

38
Q

What structures pass THROUGH the thyroid membrane?

A
  1. Superior Laryngeal a.
  2. Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal n.

**between middle and inferior constrictors

39
Q

What nerve can be found BETWEEN tonsillar pillars (formed by palatoglossal, palatopharyngeal mm.)

A

Glossopharyngeal n.

40
Q

What nerve loops POSTERIOR to the occipital a.?

A

Hypoglossal n. (XII)

SCM branch

41
Q

What vertebrae is the larynx anterior to?

A

C4, C5, C6

42
Q

What supplies motor innervation to the larynx?

- What one exception?

A
  • INFERIOR laryngeal n.
  • CRICOTHRYOID (External Branch of Superior Laryngeal n.)
  • BOTH NERVES COME FROM CN X
43
Q

What is innervated (GSA, GVE, PaNS) by the INTERNAL branch of Superior Laryngeal?

A
  • Everything ABOVE and INCLUDING the Glottis

**AND PIRIFORM RECESS

44
Q

What innervates the Infraglottic space? (GSA, GVE, PaNS)

A
  • INFERIOR laryngeal n.
45
Q

What nerve is found Deep to the Mucosa of the Piriform Recess?

A
  • Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal n.
46
Q

What are the anterior and posterior attachments of the quadrangular ligament?

A

Anterior:
Epiglottis

Posterior:
Vestibular Ligament

47
Q

What is formed by the inferior free margin or the quadrangular membrane?

A
  • Vocal Folds
48
Q

What are the anterior and posterior attachment of the Conus Elasticus?

A

Anterior:
Cricoid Lamina

Posterior:
Vocal Ligament

49
Q

What is formed by the SUPERIOR free margin of the Conus Elasticus?

A
  • Vocal Ligament
50
Q

What is the only muscle that ABducts the vocal fold?

A

POSTERIOR CRICOARYTENOID M.

51
Q

Where are emergency tracheotomies performed?

A

Cricothyroid Membrane

52
Q

What muscle fine tunes the pitch of the voice?

A
  • Vocalis m.
53
Q

What muscle decreases the pitch of the voice?

A
  • Thyroaryteniod m.
54
Q

What muscle increases the pitch of the voice?

A
  • Cricothryoid m.
55
Q

What muscle is important for coughing?

A
  • Lateral, Transverse, and Oblique Arytenoid Cartilages
56
Q

What is formed by the superior fibers of the thyroarytenoid muscles?
- Function?

A
  • Thyroepiglottic m,

- Depresses Epiglottis

57
Q

What does the oblique arytenoid muscle continue onto the epiglottis to form?
- function?

A
  • Aryepiglottic m.

- Shrinks Laryngeal Inlet

58
Q

What nerve innervates the muscles and glands of the upper 1/3 of the trachea and esophagus?

A
  • Recurrent Laryngeal

Anatomy Week 14 BT (6 decks)

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