Parietal and frontal lobes Flashcards
What separates the parietal and frontal lobes?
Central sulcus (Rolandic fissure)
What separates the parietal and occipital lobes?
Parieto-occipital fissure
What are the main areas within the parietal lobe?
Somatosensory cortex
Posterior parietal cortex~
- Superior and inferior parietal lobules
Where is the somatosensory cortex located?
In between the central and postcentral sulci
What is the main role of the somatosensory cortex?
Processing information about bodily sensations e.g. temperature, pain, proprioception and visceral sensations
Where does the information to the somatosensory cortex come from?
Spinal cord –> thalamus –>SSC
Where does information from the SSC go to?
Motor cortex (frontal lobe) Posterior parietal areas
What happens with phantom limb?
Somatosensory cortex recognition
Cells from arm region dont receive inpur so neighbouring face cells expand
Activation spreads from arm to face region and brain interprets signals as from arm even though its missing
What separates the two posterior parietal lobules?
Interparietal sulcus
What separates the inferior lobule and temporal lobe?
Lateral sulcus (Sylvius fissure)
What are the roles of the superior parietal lobule? (3)
Elboration and integration of sensory information from the somatosensory cortex
Maintains a representations of the body state that’s used during voluntary limb movement
Has a role in controlling attention
What are the roles of the inferior parietal lobule?
Multimodal sensory integration Calculation Language Sense of self Direction of attention to objects VIsuo-motor coordination
What are the possible consequences of damage to the inferior parietal lobule?
Expressive/Broca’s aphasia
Receptive/Wernicke’s aphasia
Hemispatial neglect
Optic ataxia (difficulties looking/reaching)
Ocular apraxia (visual motor disturbance/gaze)
Simultanagnosia (difficulty seeing more than one object at once)
What separates the frontal and temproal lobes?
Lateral sulcus (Sylvius fissure)
What are the main areas of the frontal lobe?
Prefrontal cortex Motor cortex - Premotor area - Supplementary motor area - Primary motor cortex
What does information processing require?
Attention
Decision making
Control
Why is the locarion of the prefrontal cortex important?
It can control all other brain areas
- Connected to sensory, motor and subcortical areas
- Can exert top-down influence by selecting task relevant actions and suppressing task irrelevant processing
Main roles of the prefrontal cortex (6)
Cognitive control (executive function) Controlled attention Working memory Problem solving Emotion and decision making Language
Where is the primary motor area located?
In between the central and precental sulci
What is the main role of the primary motor area?
Control of voluntary movement
What inputs into the primary motor cortex?
Somatosensory cortex
Premorot/supplementary motor areas
Where does information go when it leaves the primary motor area?
Spinal cord (via cortico-spinal tract/brain stem) --> muscle execution (left/right cross over) and somatosensory cortex
Main roles of premotor/supplementar motor areas?
Planning of complex movement sequences
Selection of appropriate actions
How does attention utilise these areas?
Goal setting (prefrontal coretex) + attraction to salient objects and spatial processing (inferior and posterior parietal lobules)
