parenteral drug administration Flashcards
what does ‘parenteral route’ mean?
drug is administered by a route OTHER than the gastro-intestinal tract
Enteral known as
gut
what does ‘intrathecal route’ mean?
into the CNS (into cerebral spinal fluid)
what is an intravenous injection?
injection of a medication or another substance into a vein and directly into the bloodstream
2 example of IV injection
antibiotics, analgesics
what is an intramuscular injection? IM
technique used to deliver a medication deep into the muscles
Examples of IM injections?
Hepatitis A and B vaccines, BCG vaccine
Skin anatomy layers: order from top to bottom (4)
epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue, muscle
IM injection given at ?
90 degrees to the skin
Subcutaneous injection
injection given into the subcutaneous fat under the skin
2 examples of subcutaneous injection
insulin, heparin
what is an intradermal injection?
injection administered into the dermis (just below the epidermis)
2 examples of intradermal injection?
lidocaine (local anaesthetic), allergy testing
Advantages of IV
very fast
predictable absorption
Can give drug as infusion = achieve steady state with narrow therapeutic window
disdvantages of IV
high conc. peak so high risk of side effects
challenging to insert line/ canula