Parathyroid Pathology Flashcards
What is the shape and size of a normal parathyroid gland?
Oval shaped, aprox 5 x 3 x 1 mm
Elevated PTH can indicate what on lab tests?
chronic renal failure, hyperparathyroidism, and vitamin D deficiency
Decreased PTH occurs with what pathology? (4)
Occurs with autoimmune destruction (or congenital absence) of the parathyroid gland, hypoparathyroidism, met bone tumours
What is the most common cause of Hypercalcemia?
Hyperparathyroidism
What are the symptoms of hypercalcemia? (4)
Weight loss, anorexia, digestive issues, pancreatitis
What can cause Hypocalcemia? (4)
Hypoparathyroidism, inadvertent removal of all parathyroid gland, congenital absence, or trophy of parathyroid gland
How would PTH show up on a blood test with positive Hyperparathyroidism? What else will show up?
PTH very elevated
increased serum calcium
What is one of the most common endocrine disorders?
Primary hyperparathyroidism
What causes Primary Hyperparathyroidism? (2 most common)
adenoma, hyperplasia
What can be a cause for Secondary Hyperparathyroidism? (2)
Chronic renal insufficiency or vitamin D deficiency
What are the symptoms of Primary Hyperparathyroidism? (Breanna’s 4 things) PRAP
Painful bones, renal stones, abdominal groans, psychic moans
Is it more common to have a solitary or multiple adenoma?
Solitary
What is the average size of a Parathyroid Adenoma?
0.8 to 1.5cm length
What is the sonographic appearance of a Parathyroid Adenoma? (OHHHS)
Oval shaped, hypoechoic, homogenous, hypervascular, solid
Is Parathyroid Hyperplasia usually asymmetric or symmetrical?
Unequal an d asymmetric, with sparing of one or two glands
