Parathyroid Disease Flashcards
What are chemical changes in primary hyperparathyroidism?
Hypercalcaemia
Low Phosphate
Raised Alk Phos
What causes primary hyperparathyroidism?
Adenoma
What are symptoms of hyperparathyroidism?
Hypercalcaemia symptoms (polydipsia, renal stones, pancreatitis, ulcers) Bone resorption (pain, fractures, weakness, osteoporosis/paenia)
What Ix is done in hyperparathyroidism?
Ca++ raised Low PO4 Raised Alk Phos 24hr urinary Ca++ Xray shows fibrosis and cysts Pepperpot skull
What are complications of hyperparathyroidism?
Recurrent laryngeal nerve damage
Hypocalcaemia
What is management of Hyperparathyroidism?
Mild- increase fluid to beat stones, avoid thiazides and high Ca++ and vit D intake
Excise adenoma or all glands for prevention
What causes secondary hyperparathyroidism?
Decreased vit D intake, renal failure and hypocalcaemia and raised phosphate causes increased parathyroid hormone release
What causes hypoparathyroidism?
Gland failure (autoimmune or congenital)
What are symptoms of hypoparathyroidism?
Hypocalcaemia, raised phosphate
How is hypoparathyroisim treated>
Calcitriol
WHhat causes secondary hypoparathroidism?
Post parathyroidectomy
Causes hypomagnesaemia
Hyp
Long QT Bronchospasm- Stridor Tetany Convulsions Neuromuscular instability
