Parasympathetomimetics

Question 1

Bethanechol (give class, charge, and duration of action if known)

Answer 1

Direct-acting muscarinic agonist stimulates muscarininc receptors, charged)

Question 2

Methacholine (give class, charge, and duration of action if known)

Answer 2

Muscarinic agonist, stimulates muscarinic receptors, charged

Question 3

Carbachol (give class, charge, and duration of action if known)

Answer 3

Muscarinic agonist, stimulates muscarinic receptors, charged

Question 4

Pilocarpine (give class, charge, and duration of action if known)

Answer 4

Muscarinic agonist, stimulates muscarinic receptors, uncharged

Question 5

Edrophonium (give class, charge, and duration of action if known)

Answer 5

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, charged, reversible (minutes)

Question 6

Physostigmine, neostigmine, pyridostigmine (give class, MoA, charge, and duration of action if known)

Answer 6

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, charged (except physostigmine), reversible (hours)

Question 7

Isoflurophate, DFP, other organophosphates

Answer 7

Anticholinesterase, uncharged, irreversible (days)

Question 8

Hyperthyroidism increases sensitivity of what autonomic receptors

Answer 8

Beta-adrenergic AND muscarinic

Question 9

Nicotinic receptor escape

Answer 9

Nictonitic receptors will stop firing at very high levels of stimulation

Question 10

What is the treatment for narrow angle glaucoma and why?

Answer 10

Parasympathomimetic. Cause is narrow angle being blocked by mydriasis, parasympathetomimetic leads to miosis

Question 11

What two drugs will block autonomic ganglia?

Answer 11

Trimethaphan or nicotine in high doses (nicotinic escape)

Question 12

What effects does ganglionic stimulation produce and what is the exception?

Answer 12

Parasympathetic effects, except at blood vessels where it produces constriction (sympathetic)