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neuroanatamy 2 unit 7 > parasympathetics cranial nerves. > Flashcards

parasympathetics cranial nerves. Flashcards

1
Q

what cranial nerves carry pre-ganglionic fibers?

A

oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus.

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2
Q

what sacral spinal nerves carry pre-ganglionic fibers?

A

sacral spinal nerves 2, 3, and 4.

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3
Q

are parasympathetics cholinergic or adrenergic?

A

cholinergic.

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4
Q

where do parasympathetic nerves generally synapse?

A

post-ganglionic neurons in peripheral ganglia.

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5
Q

what do post-ganglionic fibers extend to, to serve what functions?

A

they extend to effector organs to,

  • decrease cardiac output
  • constrict the bronchial tree
  • constrict pupils
  • stimulate peristalsis
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6
Q

what nerves supply structures in the head generally?

A

C.N. 3,7,and 9.

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7
Q

what does C.N. 10 supply?

A

cardiac, respiratory, and digestive structures in the neck, thorax, and abdomen.

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8
Q

what nerves supply the distal parts of the digestive system and urogenital system?

A

sacral spinal nerves 2, 3, and 4.

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9
Q

where are pre-ganglionic cell bodies located carried in the oculomotor nerve?

A

accessory oculomotor nucleus.

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10
Q

where is the accessory oculomotor nucleus located?

A

fill in the blank

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11
Q

what path does the para-sympathetic fibers follow from the accessory oculomotor nucleus?

A

follows the path of the occulomotor nerve into the orbit.

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12
Q

where do the para-sympathetic pre-ganglionic fibers synapse that follow the occulomotor nerve?

A

cilliary ganglion.

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13
Q

what nerve carries the para-sympathetic post-ganglionic axons from the cilliary ganglion?

A

short ciliary nerves.

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14
Q

the short cilliary carries the post-gaglionic axons to where?

A

carries fibers into the eyeball to supply the ciliary muscle and the sphinter pupillae.

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15
Q

what does parasympathetic stimulation to the ciliary muscle do?

A

contracts the muscle to make the lens more convex to focus on closer objects.

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16
Q

what does parasympathetic stimulation to the sphincter pupillae do/

A

contraction decreases the size of pupil.

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17
Q

where are preganglionic cell bodies located that are carried in the facial nerve?

A

salivary nucleus.

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18
Q

what nerve carries fibers carried in the facial nerve out of the skull?

A

intermediate nerve.

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19
Q

what two branches of the facial nerve carry parasympathetic fibers?

A

greater petrosal and chorda tympani.

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20
Q

where does the greater petrosal nerve leave the facial nerve?

A

at the geniculate ganglion.

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21
Q

where does the greater petrosal nerve then carry parasympathetic preganglionic fibers to?

A

carries them anteriorward through the hiatus for the greater petrosal nerve. it re-enters the petrous part of the temporal bone through the foramen lacerum and travels in the pterygoid canal to ultimately join the pterygopaletine ganglion.

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22
Q

where are postganglionic fibers distributed to from the pterygopalatine ganglion?

A

to the lacrimal and pterygopalatine nerves.

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23
Q

where do the lacrimal and pterygopalatine nerves carry the postganglionic fibers to?

A

to the lacrimal, nasal, palatine, and pharyngeal glands.

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24
Q

where does the chorda tympani carry preganglionic fibers to?

A

carries them through the tympanic cavity and leaves the temporal bone through the pterygotympanic fissure where i combines with the lingual nerve.

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25
Q

after the preganglionic fibers leave the lingual nerve where do they synapse?

A

the submandibular ganglion.

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26
Q

where do the postganglionic fibers travel to from the submandibular gland?

A

they travel to the submandibular gland and the sublingual gland.

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27
Q

where are preganglionic cell bodies located that are carried in the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

salivary nucleus.

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28
Q

what nerve carries preganglionic fibers after breaking off the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

tympanic nerve.

29
Q

where does the tympanic nerve seperate from the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

at the inferior ganglion.

30
Q

where does the tympanic nerve carry the preganglionic fibers?

A

through the tympanic canaliculus into the tympanic cavity.

31
Q

what joins with the nerve in the tympanic cavity?

A

postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the superior cervical ganlion.

32
Q

what forms in the tympanic cavity?

A

tympanic plexus.

33
Q

after the preganglionic fibers pass through the tympanic plexus they reform what?

A

the lesser petrosal nerve.

34
Q

to where does the lesser petrosal nerve carry the preganglionic fibers?

A

through the lesser petrosal canal to the otic ganglion.

35
Q

where are postganglionic fibers from the otic ganglion carried to?

A

parotid and posterior lingual glands.

36
Q

what nerve carries postganglionic fibers from the otic ganglion to the parotid gland?

A

auriculotemporal nerve, a branch of the lingual branch of the trigeminal.

37
Q

what nerve carries postganglionic fibers from the otic ganglion to the posterior lingual gland?

A

the lingual branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve.

38
Q

what other type of sensory fibers are carried in the lingaul branch of the glossopharyngeal?

A

special sensory taste fibers. duh

39
Q

where are the preganglionic cell bodies of the fibers carried by the vagus nerve?

A

posterior nucleus of the vagus.

40
Q

where does the vagus carry the preganglionic fibers?

A

to postganglionic cell bodies located in the smooth muscles of the bronchial tree, digestive tract, gall bladder, and bile ducts, myocardium and to the pancreas, liver, and spleen.

41
Q

where are the postganglionic cell bodies located that have preganlionic fibers carried by the vagus?

A

located in the organs and blood vessels that supply the organs.

  • myocardium
  • submucosal plexus
  • myenteric plexus
42
Q

to the heart, what nerves carry preganglionic fibers?

A

superior and inferior cardiac nerves.

43
Q

what do preganglionic fibers synapse carried in the cardiac nerves?

A

the cardiac plexus at the base of heart and wall of heart.

44
Q

where do postganglionic fibers get carried to from the cardiac plexus?

A
  • sinoatrial node
  • atrioventricular node
  • atrioventricular bundle to reach the subedenocardial branchse (pirkinje fibers)
45
Q

what effect does parasympathetic impulses have on the heart?

A

it inhibits myocardium and constricts the coronary arteries.

46
Q

what nerves carry preganglionic fibers to the lungs?

A

anterior and posterior bronchial branches.

47
Q

where do preganglionic fibers synapse carried in the bronchial branches?

A

the pulmonary plexus surrounding the bronchial tree.

48
Q

where do postganglionic fibers travel to from the pulmonary plexus?

A

bronchial musculature and bronchial glands.

49
Q

what effect does parasympathetic impusle have on the bronchial tree?

A

constriction of the bronchial tree and increase secretions of the bronchial glands.

50
Q

what nerves carry preganglionic fibers to the esophagus?

A

the recurrent laryngeal nerves as well as the anterior and posterior esophageal branches.

51
Q

where do preganglionic fibers synapse carried in the laryngeal and esophageal nerves?

A

wall of the esophagus.

52
Q

what do the postganglionic fibers supply in the esophagus?

A

the smooth muscle fibers of esophagus.

53
Q

what nerves carry preganglionic fibers to the stomach?

A

anterior and posterior vagal trunk.

54
Q

where do preganglionic fibers that are carried in the vagal trunk synapse?

A

submucossal (meisners) and myenteric (auerbachs) plexuses in the stomach wall.

55
Q

where do postganglionic fibers travel to from the submucossal and myenteric plexuses?

A

smooth muscled fibers

56
Q

what effect does parasympathetic stimulation have on the stomach?

A

contraction of smooth muscles and secretion of gastric juices.

57
Q

what carries preganglionic fibers to the small intestine, cecum, vermiform appendix, and ascending and transverse colon?

A

the posterior vagal trunk.

58
Q

where does the duodenum receive preganglionic fibers from?

A

celiac plexus.

59
Q

where do the rest of the digestive system receive preganglionic fibers from?

A

the celiac plexus and continuing through the superior mesenteric plexus.

60
Q

where do the preganglionic fibers synapse in the digestive area?

A

the submucosal and myenteric plexuses.

61
Q

what effect does parasympathetic stimulation have on the organs of the digestive system?

A

contraction of smooth muscle and is also a secromotor for intestinal glands.

62
Q

how do preganglionic fibers reach the gall bladder, pancreas, and biliary tree?

A

the hepatic branch of the right vagal trunk, they pass through the hepatic plexus which is an extension of the celiac plexus.

63
Q

where do the preganglionic fibers from the hepatic plexus synapse?

A

muscular walls of the gall bladder and billiary tree and in the glandular tissue of the pancreas.

64
Q

where do postganglionic fibers synapse and what do they do?

A

smooth muscle fibers or glands of their intended target, they increase smooth muscle activity in the gall bladder and biliary vessels. it is also a secretomoter for the pancreatic glands.

65
Q

how do preganglionic fibers reach the kidneys?

A

through the renal plexus from the posterior vagus.

66
Q

what is the parasympathetic fibers to the kidneys likely to be?

A

visceral afferent due to large sympathetic motor supply.

67
Q

how do preganglionic fibers reach the liver?

A

primarily from the anterior vagal trunk with some coming from the posterior. they reach the liver via the hepatic plexus, and extension of the celiac plexus.

68
Q

what is the parasympathetic fibers to the liver likely to be?

A

visceral afferent.

69
Q

how do preganglionic fibers reach the suprarenal gland?

A

posterior vagal trunk.

neuroanatamy 2 unit 7 (11 decks)

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