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parasitology > Parasitology principles > Flashcards

Parasitology principles Flashcards

1
Q

What is parasite ?

A

Is organism that feed on the host

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2
Q

How many branches or types in parasites?

A

Two
Endoparasites
And ectoparasites

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3
Q

What are the types in endoparasites?

A

Worms and protozoa

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4
Q

Can free type be opportunistic?

A

Yes if there is proper environment

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5
Q

What are the types of host?

A

Two
Definitive (sexually reproduction only)
Intermediate (only Asexually reproduce)

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6
Q

What are the Types of transmission and it’s effect on infective agent?

A

Mechanical transmission : doesn’t interfere with infective agent
Biological transmission: Change in the infective agent

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7
Q

What is protozoa ?

A

Is organism whose body has one nucleus (eukaryotic) that perform all of it’s functions

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8
Q

Is protozoa prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

A

eukaryotic

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9
Q

All protozoa are parasitic?

A

No some pf them has free life and others are opportunistic

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10
Q

Where protozoa lives?

A

Animals and humans

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11
Q

Does acanthamoeba have freelife?

A

Its opportunistic

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12
Q

How many protozoa species are in human body and how many of them are pathogenic?

A

76
22
And some are completely are non pathogenic(commensal)

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13
Q

Which protozoa can only cause disease in humans?

A

Plasmodia

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14
Q

Give examples on zoonosis protozoa

A

Leishmania
P. Knowlesi
They infect humans and animals

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15
Q

Where trypanosomiasis is prevalent?

A

Africa and South America

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16
Q

Which protozoa is found worldwide?

A

Toxoplasma spp.

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17
Q

What carry a parasitic infection from one host to another?

A

Arthropod vector

18
Q

Protozoan morphology can be …?

A

Round ,elongated ,egg shaped, pear shaped, spindle shape , amoebic ,oval , crescent shape or without specific shape

19
Q

Protozoa size ?

A

1_100 microns

20
Q

Body of protozoa is?

A

Protoplasm(cytoplasm,nucleoplasm)

21
Q

Cytoplasm has two layers

A

Ectoplasm, endoplasm

22
Q

What are the functions of Ectoplasm?

A

Movement, swallowing food ,excreting waste , breathing and protection of protozoa

23
Q

What the ectoplasm of Balantidiumas?

A

There is a place called peristome that perform the (cytosome)
In which food enter through cytopharynx to the endoplasm

24
Q

What are the movement organs in amoeba , blanthidium ,flagellates , trypanosoma?

A

1_Pseudopodia
2_cilia
3_flagellum
4_undullating membrane

25
Q

Talk about functions of the Endoplasm

A

Role in protozoan nutrition
Role in production by the nucleus

26
Q

Explain endoplasm structure

A

-Is granular
Has nutritional cavity- contractaile cavities
Food reserves
Presence of foreign bodies and chromatoidal bodies

26
Q

Talk about kinetoblast

A

Found in some flagellates and contains parabasal body and blepharoplast

26
Q

Where is the location of karyosome?

A

Near the nucleus and is strongly stained

27
Q

What about the nucleus might help in diagnosis?

A

Chromatin and karyosome
Help in differential diagnosis as in ameobia

28
Q

Give example on ciliates has 2 nucleuses?

A

Balantidium

29
Q

What are the functions of balandtidium nucleuses?

A

Macronucleus: vegetative activities
Micronucleus: reproductive operations

30
Q

How the undigested particles are pushed to the surface of protozoan ?

A

By pores called cytopyge

31
Q

When the resistant membrane develops?

A

When they reach inactive cyst stage for protection

32
Q

List some ways protozoa can reproduce by

A

.asexual
.binary fission
.multiple fission
.rosette form
.budding
.schizogony,merogony
Double internal division(endodiogeny)
.sexual reproduction

33
Q

How apicomplexa phylum reproduces?

A

asexually and Sexually by
Microgamete(male) and macrogamete(female) form zygote

34
Q

List protozoa ways of transmission

A

.oral , mucosal
.blood
.placenta
.intercourse
.end clause
.biological
. mechanical
.host
. vertebrate or invertebrate host
.reservoir

35
Q

Lost the important phylums of protozoa

A

1_apicomplexa
2_sarcomastigophora
3_ciliophora
4_microspora

36
Q

List genuses that belong to apicomplexa

A

1_Babesia
2_cryptosporidium
3_cyclospora
4_isospora
5_sacrosytosis
6_toxoplasma
7_plasmodium
8_coccidia

37
Q

List genuses belong to sarcomastigophora

A

1leishmania
2

38
Q

List genuses belong to ciliphora

A

Balantidium

39
Q

List genuses belong to microspora

A
40
Q

How apicomplexa reproduce and in how many hosts?

A

Sexually and Asexually
By one or two hosts

parasitology (6 decks)

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