Parasitology

Question 1

Which one of these parasites is more important in the neonatal period in dogs?

A - Toxocara
B - Ancylostoma
C - Cystoisospora
D - Dipylidium

Answer 1

(B, causes neonatal anemia)

Question 2

Which anthelmintic has limited absorption in the GI tract, reducing the potential for toxicosis in very young animals?

A - Fenbendazole
B - Ivermectin
C - Milbemycin
D - Pyrantel

Answer 2

(D, covers nematodes)

Question 3

Cryptosporidium parvum is a parasite that produces neonatal diarrhea in which of the following species?

A - Dogs
B - Cats
C - Cattle
D - Sheep

Answer 3

(C)

Question 4

When does a bitch need to be infected with Toxocara canis to transmit the parasites in her milk? Two answers.

Answer 4

(Late gestation or during lactation)

Question 5

Where is Toxocara canis located in puppies who are born to somatic reservoir dams?

Answer 5

(Liver, will then complete tracheal migration to the small intestines over a 3 week prepatent period)

Question 6

(T/F) You will be unlikely to see disease in the immediate neonatal period unless there is a very heavy infection of Toxocara canis.

Answer 6

(T)

Question 7

(T/F) Ancylostoma is not transmitted transmammarily in cats so it is not considered a neonatal disease in that species.

Answer 7

(T)

Question 8

Are clinical signs associated with vertically transmitted Neospora caninum present during the neonatal period?

Answer 8

(No, usually begin 3-9 weeks after birth)

Question 9

What stage of puppy/kitten is clinical coccidiosis, usually due to Cystoisospora canis or felis, associated with?

Answer 9

(Post weaning puppies and kittens, will see diarrhea, depression, and anorexia in some animals)

Question 10

(T/F) Both Giardia and Cryptosporidium are not associated with any neonatal disease in small animals.

Answer 10

(T)

Question 11

(T/F) Cryptosporidium is the most commonly detected pathogen causing diarrhea in calves less than 1 month of age.

Answer 11

(T)

Question 12

What location in the GI tract does Cryptosporidium parvum infect cells?

Answer 12

(The ileum)

Question 13

When does oocyst shedding of Cryptosporidium parvum occur after infection? Range in days.

Answer 13

(4-12 days)

Question 14

(T/F) Eimera spp. are a common cause of diarrhea in large animal neonates.

Answer 14

(F, do not usually cause clinical disease in ruminants less than 1 month of age)

Question 15

What is the prepatent period of Ancylostoma caninum in transmammary transmission?

Answer 15

(2 weeks → if you suspect a neonatal puppy has anemia d/t Ancylostoma infection, it will not have a positive fecal bc the prepatent period will not be complete)

Question 16

What is the primary route of transmission of Toxocara canis from mother to puppy?

Answer 16

(Transplacental)

Question 17

(T/F) There is no product currently approved for the prevention of lactogenic or transplacental infection of parasites in dogs.

Answer 17

(T)

Question 18

To prevent lactogenic or transplacental infections in dogs, when can fenbendazole be started during gestation and when should it continue until?

Answer 18

(Can start on 40th day of gestation and continue to 21 days postpartum)

Question 19

What parasites are thought to be the cause of foal heat diarrhea, can cause diarrhea in piglets if the infection is heavy enough, and is not associated with neonatal diarrhea in ruminants or dogs?

Answer 19

(Strongyloides spp.)

Question 20

What types of enteritis are produced by Cystoisopora suis infections in 5-15 day old piglets after parasitizing primarily the jejunum and ileum? Two answers.

Answer 20

(Catarrhal and necrotizing enteritis)