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Parasites Flashcards

1
Q

Accidental or incidental parasite

A

Fasciola

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2
Q

Paratenic host

A

Trichinella

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3
Q

Facultative parasite

A

Strongyloides

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4
Q

Skin penetration

A

Stronglyloides
Schistosoma
Ancylostoma
Necator

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5
Q

Congenitally transmitted parasite

A

Toxoplasmosis

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6
Q

Inhaled parasite

A

Enterobius

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7
Q

Treatment for amoeba cyst carrier

A

Diloxanide furoate

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8
Q

GI ulcers in amebiasis

A

Flask-shaped

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9
Q

Amebiasis: mediates adherence

A

Lecitin

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10
Q

Amebiasis: for penetration

A

Amebapores

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11
Q

Amebiasis: for cytopathic effect

A

Cysteine proteases

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12
Q

Backpacker’s diarrhea

A

Giardia lamblia

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13
Q

Drug of choice: Cryptosporidum

A

Nitrazoxanide

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14
Q

Pathogenic protozoan with no cyst form

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

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15
Q

Diagnostic stage of toxoplasmosis

A

Trophozoite (bradyzoite)

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16
Q

Preferred diagnostic test for toxoplasmosis

A

IgM

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17
Q

Treatment of toxoplasmosis

A

Sulfadiazine plus pyrimethamine

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18
Q

Transmission of Chagas’ disease

A

Reduviid bug (Triatoma)

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19
Q

Most frequently and severly affected tissue in Chagas’ disease

A

Cardiac muscle

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20
Q

Chagas’ disease: unilateral periorbital edema

A

Romaña sign

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21
Q

Treatment of Chagas’ disesase

A

Nifurtimox

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22
Q

Transmission of African sleeping sickness

A

Tsetse fly (Glossina)

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23
Q

African sleeping sickness: frequency

A

Every two weeks

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24
Q

More severe: Rhodesian or Gambian?

A

Rhodesian

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25
Q

African sleeping sickness: posterior cervical lymphadenopathy

A

Winterbottom’s sign

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26
Q

African sleeping sickness: hyperesthesia

A

Kerandel’s sign

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27
Q

African sleeping sickness: CSF plasma cells with cytoplasmic immunoglobulin globules

A

Mott cells

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28
Q

Most common cause of red tide

A

Pyrodinium bahamense var compresum

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29
Q

Shellfish poisoning: paralytic

A

Saxitoxin

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30
Q

Shellfish poisoning: neurotoxin

A

Brevetoxin

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31
Q

Shellfish poisoning: diarrhetic

A

Okadaic acid

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32
Q

Shellfish poisoning: amnesic

A

Domoic acid

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33
Q

Granulomatous amebic encephalitis

A

Acanthamoeba castellani

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34
Q

Amebic keratitis

A

Acanthamoeba castellani

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35
Q

Primary amebic meningoencephalitis

A

Naegleria fowleri

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36
Q

Only ciliated protozan to cause human disease

A

Balantidum coli

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37
Q

Ulcers in balantidial dysentry

A

Round-based, wide-necked

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38
Q

Maltese cross

A

Babes microti

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39
Q

Transmission of Leishmansis

A

Sandfly (Phelbotomus)

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40
Q

Drug of choice for leishamniasis

A

Sodium stibogluconate

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41
Q

More uterine branch: solium or saginata?

A

saginata

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42
Q

Infective stage of Taenia

A

Cysticerci

Eggs (Taenia solium)

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43
Q

Taenia: intestinal obstruction

A

saginata

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44
Q

Neurocysticercosis

45
Q

Infective stage of Diphyllobothrium latum

A

Plerocercoid

46
Q

How many proglottids in Echinococcus granulosus?

47
Q

Definitive host in hydatid disease

48
Q

Medical treatment for hydatid disease

A

albendazole

49
Q

Surgical treatment for hydatid disease

A

PAIR: puncture, aspiration, injection, reaspiration

50
Q

Most common tapeworm in developed countries

A

Hymenolepsis nana

51
Q

Only parasitic helminths to exist as separate sexes

A

Schistosoma japonicum

52
Q

Diagnostic tests for schistosomiasis

A

Kato-Katz

Circumoval precipitin test

53
Q

Systemic hypersensitivity following treatment of schistosomiasis

A

Katayama fever

54
Q

Treatment of schistosomiasis

A

Praziquantel

55
Q

Intermediate hosts in paragonimiasis

A

Snail: Antemelania asperata

Mountain crab: Sundothelphusa philippina

56
Q

Staining in paragonimiasis

57
Q

Chest radiograph finding in paragonimiasis

A

Ring shadow

58
Q

Diagnosis of Clonorchis

A

Direct fetal smear

Potassium permanganate stain: melon-like ridges

59
Q

Most serious sequela of Clonorchis infection

A

Cholangiocarcinoma

60
Q

Helminthic infection from eating watercrests

A

Fasciola hepatica

61
Q

Obstructive jaundice and painful pharyngitis in Fasciola infectin

62
Q

Mimics peptic ulcer disease

A

Heterophyes heterophyes

63
Q

Nematodes with transpulmonary phase

A

Ascaris
Necator
Ancylostoma
Strongyloides

64
Q

Eosinophilic pneumonitis secondary to ascariasis

A

Loefller’s syndorme

65
Q

Greater larvicidal activity in ascariasis

A

Albendazole

66
Q

Infective stage of hookworm infection

A

Filariform larvae

67
Q

Skin manifestation of hookworm infection

A

Cutaneous larva migrans

68
Q

Barrel shaped eggs with bipolar plugs

69
Q

Barrel shaped eggs without bipolar plugs

A

Capillaria

70
Q

Rectal prolapse

71
Q

Treatment of whipworm infection

A

Mebendazole

72
Q

Most common soil-transmitted helminthides in developed countries
Cosmopolitan worm

A

Eneterobius vermicularis

73
Q

Diagnostic test of pinworm infection

A

Graham’s scotch/cellulose tape technique

74
Q

Treatment of pinworm infection

A

Pyrantel pamoate

75
Q

Culture for Strongyloides

A

Harada-Mori

76
Q

Hyperinfection syndrome

A

Strongyloides

77
Q

Only nematode whose life cycle involves a migratory bird

A

Capillaria philippinensis

78
Q

Embryonated egg

A

Ascaris

Enterobius

79
Q

Treatment of capillariasis

A

Albendazole

80
Q

Most debilitating nematode infection

A

Filariasis

81
Q

Elephantiasis

A

Brugia malayi

82
Q

Hydrocoele

A

Wuchereria bancrofti

83
Q

Vector of Wuchereria bancrofti

A

Culex, Aedes, Anopheles

84
Q

Vector of Brugi malayi

85
Q

Infective stage of filariasis

86
Q

Treatment of filariasis

A

Diethylcarbamazine

87
Q

Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia

A

Filariasis

88
Q

Which phase in life cycle of filarial worms causes symptoms

A

Adults, not larvae

89
Q

Histology of Trichinella infection

A

Nurse cell

90
Q

Treatment of Trichinella infection

A

Thiabendazole

91
Q

River blindness

A

Onchocerca volvulis

92
Q

Mazotti reaction

A

Onchocercaisis

Ivermectin

93
Q

Transmission of loa loa

A

Deer fly or mango fly

94
Q

Visceral larva migrans

A

Toxocara canis

95
Q

Ocular larva migrans

A

Toxocara canis

96
Q

Most common cause of parasitic/eosinophilic meningitis

A

Angiostrongylus cantonensis

97
Q

Nocturnal pruritus ani

A

Enterobius vermicularis

98
Q

Xenodiagnosis

A

Trichinella spiralis

99
Q

Tramway sign on radiograph

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

100
Q

Infective stage in schistosomiasis

101
Q

Infective stage in paragonimiasis

A

Metacercariae

102
Q

Infective stage in diphyllobothrium infection

A

Pleocercoid larvae

103
Q

Ocular cystericosis

A

Taenia solium

104
Q

Epitheloid granuloma in filariasis

A

Meyers-Kouvenaar bodies

105
Q

Intradermal test in trichinellaisis

A

Bachman test

106
Q

Primary amebic encephalitis

107
Q

Trichuriasis: small or large intestine?

A

Large intestine

108
Q

Amebic keratitis

A

Acanthameba

Microbiology (12 decks)

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