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Microbiology > Gram Positive > Flashcards

Gram Positive Flashcards

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0
Q

Gram positive cocci in clusters
Catalase positive
Coagulase negative
Novobiocin sensitive

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

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1
Q

Gram positive cocci in clusters
Catalase positive
Coagulase positive

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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2
Q

Gram positive cocci in clusters
Catalase positive
Coagulase negative
Novobiocin resistant

A

Staphylococcus saprophyticus

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3
Q

Gram positive cocci in chains
Catalase negative
Alpha hemolytic
Bile optochin sensitive

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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4
Q

Gram positive cocci in chains
Catalase negative
Alpha hemolytic
Bile optochin resistant

A

Viridans streptococci

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5
Q

Gram positive cocci in chains
Catalase negative
Beta hemolytic
Bacitracin sensitive

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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6
Q

Gram positive cocci in chains
Catalase negative
Beta hemolytic
Bactiracin resistant

A

Streptococcus agalactiae

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7
Q

Gram positive cocci in chains
Catalase negative
Gamma hemolytic

A

Group D streptococci

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8
Q 
Gram positive rods
Spore-forming
Aerobic
Nonmotile
Box car shaped
A

Bacillus anthracis

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9
Q 
Gram positive rods
Spore forming
Aerobic
Motile
Reheated fried rice syndrome
A

Bacillus cereus

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10
Q

Gram positive rods
Spore forming
Anaerobic
From bulging cans

A

Clostridum botulinum

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11
Q

Gram positive rods
Spore forming
Anaerobic
Tennis racket like

A

Clostridium tetani

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12
Q 
Gram positive rod
Spore forming
Anaerobic
Lecithinase
Gas-forming
A

Clostridum perfringens

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13
Q

Gram positive rods
Spore forming
Anaerobic
Pseudomembranes

A

Clostridium difficile

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14
Q 
Gram positive rods
Non spore forming
Aerobic
Nonmotile
Curved, Chinese characters
A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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15
Q 
Gram positive rods
Non spore forming
Aerobic
Curved
Tumbling motility
A

Listeria monocytogenes

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16
Q

Most common cause of acute endocarditis

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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17
Q

Most common cause of subacute and native valve endocarditis

A

Viridans streptococci

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19
Q

Most common cause of prosthetic valve endocarditis

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

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20
Q

Toxic shock syndrome
+ focus
+ blood culture

A

Streptococcal

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21
Q

Toxic shock syndrome
No focus
Blood culture negative

A

Staphylococcal

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22
Q

Most common cause of ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

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23
Q

Drug of choice for Staphylococcus epidermidis

A

Vancomycin

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24
Q

Positive PYR test

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

Group D streotococcus

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25
Q

Toxin in necrotizing fasciitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Exotoxin B

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26
Q

Most common cause of pharyngitis

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

27
Q

Toxin responsible for staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome

A

TSST-1

28
Q

Toxin responsible for streptococcal toxic shock syndrome

A

Exotoxin A

29
Q

In acute rheumatic fever, antibodies react to which proteins

A

M proteins

30
Q

Drug of choice for streptococcal infections

A

Penicillin G

31
Q

Most common cause of neonatal pneumonia, sepsis and meningitis

A

Streptococcus agalactiae

32
Q

Which Group D streptococcus can grow in 6.5% NaCl

A

Enterococcus faecalis

33
Q

Causes marantic endocarditis

A

Streptococcus bovis

34
Q

Most common cause of CAP

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

35
Q

Most common cause of otitis media and sinusitis

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

36
Q

Enhances adhesion of pathogen to heart valves

A

Glycocalyx

37
Q

Dental caries

A

Streptococcus mutans

38
Q

Anthrax: calmodulin-dependent adenylate cyclase

A

Edema factor

39
Q

Anthrax: inhibits signal transduction in cell division

A

Lethal factor

40
Q

Cause of death in anthrax

A

Pulmonary hemorrhage

41
Q

Drug of choice in anthrax

A

Ciprofloxacin

42
Q

Enterotoxin for emetic form of Bacillus cereus infection

A

Heat stable

Staphylococcal like-superantigen

43
Q

Enterotoxin for diarrheal form of Bacillus cereus infection

A

Heat labile

Cholera like-cAMP

44
Q

Action of tetanospasmin

A

Inhibits release of glycine from Renshaw cells

45
Q

Drug of choice for tetanus

A

Penicillin

Metronidazole

46
Q

Tetanus
Contaminated
Uncertain vaccination or < 3 doses

A

TeAna and ATS

47
Q

Tetanus
Clean, minor wound
Uncertain vaccination or < 3 doses

A

TeAna only

48
Q

Tetanus
Clean, minor wound
> 3 doses
Last dose given < 10 years

A

None

49
Q

Tetanus
Clean, minor wound
> 3 doses
Last dose given > 10 years

A

TeAna only

50
Q

Tetanus
Contaminated wound
> 3 doses
Last dose given < 5 years

A

None

51
Q

Tetanus
Contaminated wound
> 3 doses
Last dose given > 5 years

A

TeAna only

52
Q

Most common immunologic types of botulinum toxin

A

A, B, E

53
Q

Botulinum toxin used in Botox

A

A

54
Q

Treatment for gas gangrene

A

Penicillin

55
Q

Granules seen in C diphtheriae

A

Metachromatic/Babes-Ernst/volutin

56
Q

Toxigenicity of C diphtheriae

A

Modified Elek test

57
Q

Diphtheria exotoxin acts on

A

Elongation factor 2

ADP ribosylation

58
Q

Treatment for diphtheria

A

Penicillin G

59
Q

Listeria toxin interacting with E-cadherin on cell surface

A

Internalin

60
Q

Listeria toxin causing escape from phagosomes

A

Listeriolysin

61
Q

Listeria toxin propelling bacteria from one cell membrane to another

A

Actin rockets

62
Q

Treatment of listeriosis

A

Ampicillin

63
Q

Most common cause of bacterial meningitis in the elderly

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Microbiology (12 decks)

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