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Microbiology > Parasites > Flashcards

Parasites Flashcards

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1
Q

acanthamoeba castellani

A

parasite-unicellular protozoa -sarcodina/speudopod/ameba blood and tissue AIDS patient with a hot tub presents with keratitis of cornea granulomatous amoebic encephalitis can also be warm climate lakes.

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2
Q

ancylostoma canium/brasiliense

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- nemathelmenthes(nematodes)/roundworm - Tissue VSPCA student with cutaneous larvae migrations prutitic lessions, creeping eruptions.

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3
Q

Ancylostoma duodenale

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- nemathelmenthes(nematodes)/roundworm - intestinal hookworm anemic beach volley ball player with picca chitinow teeth produce anticoagulant eating thru intestin. Filariform larva penetrates foot. Migrate from lung to intestin. eggs in stool

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4
Q

ascaris lumbricodes

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- nemathelmenthes(nematodes)/roundworm - intestinal giant common worm asymptomatic or asthma like patient with worms from nose at night oral/fecal unfertilized eggs can survive in environment. penetrates wall intestine to lung via blood stream and then migrates back to GI as adult. eggs in stool

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5
Q

Babesia microti

A

parasite-unicellular protozoa - sporzoa blood and tissue co-located with lyme disease malaria like symptoms without liver involvement and maltese cross merozoites formation in RBC

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6
Q

balantidium coli

A

parasite-unicellular protozoa - ciliate Intestinal same life cycle as giardia but bloody diarrhea due to colon wall invasion infects working animals (pigs) stool sample with mega/micro 2-nuclei

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7
Q

brungia malayi

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- nemathelmenthes(nematodes)/roundworm - Tissue elephantitis lymphangitis/lymphadenitis edema so severe it stretches skin to point of infections. Larva/microfiliraria in blood

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8
Q

clonorchis sinensis

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- platyhelminthes/flatworm - trematodes/flukes liver fluke (oriental fresh water snail & fish) sushi eating hipster with fatty stool eggs in stool

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9
Q

cryptosporidium parvium

A

parasite-unicellular protozoa - sporzoa Intestinal

AIDS patient with severe diarrhea self limiting in healthy people.

adhere intestinal epithilium.

water/swimming

stool inactive/infective thick walled oocysts.

Tx. nitazoxanide

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10
Q

cyclospra cayetanensis

A

parasite-unicellular protozoa - not disscusse imune suppressed Intestinal

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11
Q

cystoisospora belli

A

parasite-unicellular protozoa - not disscusse imune suppressed Intestinal

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12
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- platyhelminthes/flatworm - cestodes/tapeworm (fish) sushi eater with megaloblastic anemia and stool containing proglottids and eggs.

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13
Q

draconculus medinensis

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- nemathelmenthes(nematodes)/roundworm - Tissue - guinea worm / fiery serpent tropical africa water with copepod cyclops. gravid worms migrate under skin and erupt to lay eggs. remove by twisting around something slowly pull out

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14
Q

echinococus granulosus

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- platyhelminthes/flatworm - cestodes/tapeworm (dog and farm sheep intermediate) hydatid disease space occupying cysts. trauma cause anaphylaxis/migration often only found at autopsy.

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15
Q

entamoeba histolytica

A

parasite. unicellular protozoa - sarcodina/speudopod/ameba Intestinal

fecal-oral, sewage contamination

PATIENT: homosexual men with bloody exudative diarrhea (perferations, flask shaped ulcer in submucosa), RUQ abdominal pain,

amebic absecces in colon, liver (anchovy sauce pus), lung, brain, genitals

DGX: stool sample with 4-nuclei cyst and trophozoites with ingested RBC

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16
Q

enterobius vermicularis

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- nemathelmenthes(nematodes)/roundworm - intestinal pinworm Child with pruritic anus and cant sleep becauce a worm comes out at night to lay eggs. (worms can get lost in vagina/appendix) scotch tape test

17
Q

Giardia lamblia

A

parasite-unicellular protozoa - mastigophora/flagelette Intestinal

PATIENT: outdoor hiker with fatty stool

DGX: stool sample with trophozoites with 4 pairs flagelette and 2 suckers (take multiple stool samples to find cysts) or use string test capsule, or duodenal biopsy

18
Q

leishmania spp.

A

parasite-unicellular protozoa -mastigophora/flagelette (amastigote in human) blood and tissue Donovani kala-azar visceral RES. Tropica/mexicana bagdad boil leprosylike Braziliensis musculocutaneous arid dry sand fly. replicate in phago cells. PPD to demonstrate sensitization.

19
Q

loa loa

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- nemathelmenthes(nematodes)/roundworm - Tissue equtorial rainforest Patient with calabar swelling rounds and recurrent eye pain. adult worm migrate subcutaneous tissue, muscle, eye causing immune response without permanent damage. non-permanent version of onchocerca.volvulus. blood with microfilaria

20
Q

naegleria fowleri

A

parasite-unicellular protozoa -sarcodina/speudopod/ameba blood and tissue got water up their nose swimming presents with meningitis like symptoms and dies in 10 days motile trophozoan in nasal discharge/CSF

21
Q

Necator americanus

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- nemathelmenthes(nematodes)/roundworm - intestinal hookworm anemic beach volley ball player with picca teeth produce anticoagulant eating thru intestin. Filariform larva penetrates foot. Migrate from lung to intestin. eggs in stool

22
Q

onchocerca volvulus

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- nemathelmenthes(nematodes)/roundworm - Tissue river blindness latin american bean speaker with sclerosing keratinitis, onchocercomata worm filled puritic nodules, lizard inelastic and leopard spot skin, with hanging groin lymphadenopathy. microfilaria in node skin nips and blood. surgical removal/tx/chemotherapy!

23
Q

paragonium westermani

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- platyhelminthes/flatworm - trematodes/flukes Lung fluke (crabmeat) older patient (takes a few years for symptoms to present) with tuberculosis like symptoms with blood and eggs in sputum eggs found in stool as well

24
Q

plasmodium spp.

A

parasite-unicellular protozoa - sporzoa blood and tissue (liver first) Falciparum: >1 ring, banana gametes, no dormancy Vivax, Malariae, Ovale have liver dormancy diamond ring in RBC sample taken during symptomatic periods (fever, chills, sweating, ‘blackwater’ dark urine, anemia, hepatomegally)

25
Q

schistosoma spp

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- platyhelminthes/flatworm - trematodes/flukes blood fluke lovers (snail fever/bilharziasis) Rural swimmer had swimmers itch from dirty fresh water. Develops ascites, spleen, polyps, dysentry, bladder cancer, brain and heart. Mansoni (elongated eggs in stool) and japonicum (round) in mesenteric blood vv of several hosts. haematobium (elongated in urine) in urinary bladder vein of human only.

26
Q

strongloides stercoralis

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- nemathelmenthes(nematodes)/roundworm - intestinal thread worm tropical moist soil ground itch develops to migratory larvae current. free living cycle and autoinfective cycles. immunocompromised paitents may develop disseminating infection. eggs in stool (can grow in culture)

27
Q

taenia saginata

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- platyhelminthes/flatworm - cestodes/tapeworm (beef) Anorexic-like girl presents with passive passing of gravid proglottids in stool and abdominal discomfort only one can be hosted, dies in freezer/24hrs

28
Q

taenia solium

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- platyhelminthes/flatworm - cestodes/tapeworm (pig) cysts in tissue anywhere causing immune response. oral/fecal autoinfection possible.

29
Q

Toxocara canis/cati

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- nemathelmenthes(nematodes)/roundworm - Tissue VSPCA student with larva migrans visceral, neural, ocular symptoms. inflammatory response to larvae searching for cat/dog host lung home. biospsy inflammed tissue with larvar

30
Q

toxoplasma gondii

A

parasite-unicellular protozoa - sporzoa blood and tissue Pregnant woman with a cat poop and abortion/blind baby (or HIV patient) intracellular affects all cells. biopsy specific in flammed tissue for cyst. Serology IgM (new) many healthy patients with IgG (or transplacental babies)

31
Q

trichinella spirallis

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- nemathelmenthes(nematodes)/roundworm - intestinal Redneck eating undercooked rodents, wild game, hotdogs presents with GI upset and paralysis develops meningitis like symptoms and dies in within a month. single host life cycle - must cook to kill. larvae travel via blood stream to striated muscle causing inflammatory response. serology shows spiral larvae other animals can have cysts from being fed scrap meat.

32
Q

trichomonas vaginalis

A

parasite-unicellular protozoa - mastigophora/flagelette urogenital Female with scant frothy yello/green discharge with strawberry red cervix males with urethritis and discharge sexually and thru shower materials trophozoites only, binary fission repro

33
Q

trichuris trichiura

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- nemathelmenthes(nematodes)/roundworm - intestinal whip worm young child with prolapsed anus full of worms… and eggs in stool. (fecal/oral)

34
Q

trypanosoma spp

A

parasite-unicellular protozoa -mastigophora/flagelette. blood and tissue

african sleeping sickness

  • Brucei Gambiense (human),
  • rhodesiencse (human and cattle/antelope).
    • Binary fission in blood, lymph, CSF causing lesions. change Ag every 2 weeks. CNS terminal stage.
  • Cruzi: Chagas disease
    • binary fission in cells of infected tissue,
    • migrate thru blood and plancenta.
    • denervation muscle/megacolon/arrythmias (pericarditis)
    • can be latent and cause death
    • (flagelete and aflagellete).

Xenodiagnosis using mud house reduviid vector and culture.

35
Q

wuchereria bancrofti

A

Parasite-multicellular metazoa/helminthes- nemathelmenthes(nematodes)/roundworm - Tissue elephantitis lymphangitis/lymphadenitis edema so severe it stretches skin to point of infections. Larva/microfiliraria in blood

Microbiology (12 decks)

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