paraneoplastic syndromes Flashcards
1
Q
cushing syndrome
A
- ectopic secretion of ACTH
- most commonly seen with cancers lung
- hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, HTN, muscle weakness
- carcinoid tumors- release hormones that cause flushing, wheezing, diarrhea
2
Q
inappropriate antidiuresis
A
- production of ADH by tumor
- water retention –> water intoxication –> altered mental status (seizures, coma, death)
- SCLC
3
Q
hypercalcemia
A
- 10% caused by metastatic disease of bone
- others cause by secretion of parathyroid-like peptide (carniomas, adenomas)
- osteoclast activity in multiple myeloma, lymphomas
4
Q
gonadotropic syndromes
A
- gonadotropin secretion by germ cell tumors, gestational trophoblastic tumors, pituitary tumors
- leads to precocious puberty in children, gynecomastia in men and oligomenorrhea in post-menopausal women
- think pregnant women are hormonal
5
Q
sensory neuropathy and encephalomyeloneuritis
A
- caused by circulating Abs against RNA-binding protein Hu
- numbness, parasthesia, acute pain
- SCLC
6
Q
limbic encephalytis
A
- anti-Hu Abs
- SCLC
- seizures, memory deficits, temporal lobe deficits
7
Q
autonomic neuropathies
A
Abs against Hu or Ach receptors
affects vascular tone, bowel and bladder
8
Q
progressive cerebellar degeneration
A
Ab against leucine zipper protein called Yo
9
Q
vision loss
A
Abs against photoreceptors
SCLC
10
Q
opsoclonus myoclonus
A
1/2 of cases in children are associated with neuroblastoma
11
Q
subacute motor neuropathy
A
- disorder of spinal cord –> LMN weakness w/o sensory changes
- lymphomas
12
Q
neuromuscular junction disorders
A
- thymomas (especially in PTs with myasthenia gravis)
- autoAbs against AcH receptor
13
Q
eaton-lambert syndromes
A
myasthenic disorder associated with SCLC
- symptoms resemble MG but muscle strength improves with exercise
14
Q
erythrocytosis
A
- elevated erythropoetin levels
- renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, cerebellar hemangioblastoma
15
Q
anemia
A
- usually normocytic and normochromic
- Fe-deficiency anemia seen in cancers that bleed into GI tract (colorectal cancers)
- auto-immune hemolytic anemia = B-cell neoplasms
