paragraph 2 THE BACKLASH EFFECT - HILLARY

Question 1

describe the backlash effect

rudman

Answer 1

agentic women are perceived as highly capable but risk prejudice and hiring discrimination for behaving counter-stereo typically

judged as similarly competent but less likable and hireable - undermines their ability to obtain positions of status and power

forces women to chose between being respected and being liked - BOTH undermine power

Question 2

Rudman and Fairchild 2004

exception of the backlash effect

Answer 2

only occurs when percievers feel justified to penalise atypical targets which deviate gender norms

Question 3

what are prescriptions

Answer 3

how men and women SHOULD be

ie males: agentic - assertive, competitive, independent

females: communal - warm, kind, supportive - welfare of others

Question 4

describe status incongruency hypothesis

rudman et al 2011

Answer 4

women who possess or pursue power are de-facto status incongruent
particularly when their behaviour violates status expectations

high status/power = high agency
- discrepant with womens low ascribed status and elicits backlash

primary motive for backlash is to defend the gender hierachy - preudice based on percieved status violations

Question 5

rudman et al 2011

methodology

Answer 5

pps read recommendations for promotion at yale university

either told candidates were judged as agentic (honest) or communal (overly polite) in their applications

Question 6

rudman et al 2011

results

Answer 6

no sig diff in gender for likability/hireability in those with communcal traits
BUT - agentic judged as sig less likable and hireable

backlash dependent on status violations ie conflict between ascribed female status and achieved status exacerbated by high status displays

having an outstanding list of achievements did not protect from backlash when displayed high status behaviours reserved for men - even when necessary to lead effectively

Question 7

hillary and backlash

Answer 7

disliked more because of her position as a powerful female leader in the eyes of those who hold internally misogynistic views/percive hillary as unconforming to gender norms

her reputation, although outstanding, is irrelevant in regards to how people see her as a female running to be the leader of the free world

does not conform to the traditional stereotype of how women should behave

Question 8

studies

Answer 8

rudman - backlash
Rudman and Fairchild 2004
rudman et al 2011 - SIH