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Final > Paper > Flashcards

Paper Flashcards

1
Q

Ankle fracture in A&E initial management

A

Pain
NV status
Immobilise

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2
Q

AF

  • Ix
  • Tx
A

ECG, no p

CCB (Diltiazem) / BB

REMEMBER diff between rate and rhythm. Want to do rate 1st

Also what to Warfarin (OR Rivaroxiban)

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3
Q

When to use what type of cardioversion in AF

A

Under 48 hours use Amiodarone

Over 48 hours Use DC cardioversion

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4
Q

Ramsay Hunt symptoms

A

Pain paralysis taste tinnitus rash facial palsy

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5
Q

Causes of Facial palsy

A

Stroke, Cancer (invasion), Mumps, Ramsay hunt

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6
Q

Ramsay hunt Tx

A

Acyclovir corticosteroid

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7
Q

Beta-thallasemia

A

Haemoglobin electropheresis

Target cells

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8
Q

Thallesemia Tx

A

Monthly transfusion

Iron Chealation

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9
Q

Public health intervention to pick up beta-thal befroe

A 
Carrier screening
Antenatal screen (before they're born)
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10
Q

Organs affected by High iron from transfusions (Give Chealation to prev)

A

Liver
Heart
Joints (arthralgia)
Pancreatic (Diabetes)

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11
Q

Oropharyngeal cancer Rfs

A

FH
East asian
Alcohol
Smoking

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12
Q

Investigating oropharyngeal cancer

A

MRI
Blood (lymphoma and infect rule out)
Biopsy
Staging CT

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13
Q

Low PTH and high calcium DDx

A

Mets

PTHrp From Small cell Lung Ca

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14
Q

PTH and Vit D effect places

A

PTH: Bones, Kidneys, Gut

Vit D: Kidney, Bones

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15
Q

Hypocalcaemia complications (stones, bones, thrones, abdo moans, psychic overtones)

A

Delerium & Coma
Nephrocalcinosis
Stones

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16
Q

Effusion + Asbestos

A

Pleural Mesothelioma

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17
Q

Examination in Rectal bleed (Note: Not investigations)

A 
abdo
PR
BP
Temp
Palor
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18
Q

Left sided pain & Vomit in male

Ix

A

Renal stones
Torsion
UTI
Diverticulitis

NON-CONTRAST CT KUB

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19
Q

Stone less than 5mm tx

A

IV fluids

Pass spontaneously

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20
Q

When to give Lithotripsy in stone & When to do Percutaneous

A

over 7mm

Over 1.5cm OR Hydronephrosis

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21
Q

Point prevelance

A

How many there are with a disease at a point in time

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22
Q

Calc prevelance

A

Number of disease/number of people

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23
Q

Reasons of the outcome in a study (BCCCC)

A 
Bias
Chance
Cofounding
reverse Causailty
True AssoCiation
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24
Q

Absolute risk

A

Number with /population

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25
Q

Relative risk

A

Risk of disease with expose/risk without expose

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26
Q

Relative risk reduction

A

Risk exposed - risk not exposed

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27
Q

3 parts of health economic evaluation:

A

Cost of service
Benefit
Comparison o Cost Vs Benefit

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28
Q

What is used to evaluate disability

A

DALY (disability adjusted life years)

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29
Q

Efficacy

A

Getting the best cost or health outcomes from an intervention

30
Q

Common causes fo coma

A 
SAH
Electrolyte imbalance (Hypocalcaemia)
Hypoxaemia
Hypoglycaemia
Trauma
Seizures
Meningitis
31
Q

What coma in a brain bleed

A

Raised ICP and Hydrocephalus

32
Q

Why nimodipine in SAH

A

To prevent secondary vasospasm and reduced BP

33
Q

What causes Fixed dilated pupil

A

CNIII compression due to raised ICP

34
Q

SAH immediate management

A

ABCDE
CT Head (work out stroke type)
Nimodipine to reduce hypotension
Mannitol

35
Q

4 Features of brainstem death

A 
Dolls eye
Resp arrest
Lack of corneal refelx
No reaction to ear washout
No response to pain/gag reflex
36
Q

GCS

A

EVM 654

37
Q

Causes of DKA

A

First time presentation
Dehydration
Infection
Poor adherence to meds

38
Q

Unresponsive T1DM, What?

A

Hypo (coma)

39
Q

Causes of hypo

A

Not eating
Vomiting
Too much insulin

40
Q

Questions to ask mother with postnatal depression

A

Thought os self harm
Suicidal thoughts
Low mood
Anhedonia

41
Q

Tx of postnatal psychosis

A

ECT
SSRI
Lithium
Talking therapy (CBT, interpersonal)

42
Q

What to check for on examination of breast lump

A

Mobility

LNs

43
Q

Causes of floaters

A

diabetic retinopathy, Poster virtual detachment, ageing

44
Q

Ix for retinal detachment

A

Fundoscopy: see retinal detach
Slit lamp: tobacco dust of blood in vitreous
USS: Angel sign

45
Q

What acuity fro driving

A

6/12 average between eyes

46
Q

Cauda equina UMN or LMN

A

LMN - Reduced reflex, tone, power and wasting

47
Q

Pericarditis Ix

A

Blood culture, ESR, CRP
ECG
Echo
Pericardiocentesis (Also for Tx)

48
Q

Pericarditis Tx

A

Supportive (if Coxsackie)

NSAIDs and Steroids

49
Q

Pericarditis Heart sound

A

Pericardial rub

50
Q

Becks triad

A

Hypotension
Reduced Heart sounds
Raised JVP

51
Q

Pericarditis ECG

A

Saddle shaped ST

52
Q

BP different in diff arms in coarctation

A

If narrowing of aorta proximal to left subclavian

53
Q

HTN fundoscopy

A 
Hard exudates
Cotton wool spots
Blot/Flame
tortuous vessels
AV nipping
54
Q

Some acute management of baby

A

ABCDE

Oxygen

Fluids

55
Q

Common cause of resp depress in baby

A

Allergy

Bronchiolitis

56
Q

vessels in shaken baby

A

Subdural

57
Q

Slit lamp findings in Uveitis

A

Tobacco dust
Flare
Hypopyon (level of inflammatory cells)

58
Q

Anterior uveitis Tx

A

Topical steroids

Pilocarpine (Ant Uve they get odd shaped pupil)

59
Q

Infective cause of anterior unveitis

A

HSV (keratitis - dendritic ulcer)

60
Q

Eczema coinfection

A 
Herpes simples (herpeticum)
Staph aureus (Impetigo)
61
Q

Vitamin to be aware of in eczema

A

Vit D

62
Q

Management of eczema

A

Hand hygiene
Avoid scratching
Emollients

63
Q

Tx of SLE

A

DMARD - MTX
Naproxen - NSAID
Nifedipine - CCB
Prednisolone - Steroid

64
Q

Drugs that can make you sad

A 
Antipsychotics
Lithium
OCP
Beta blockers
Progesterone
Steroids
65
Q

Liver disease hand sign

A

Palmar erythema
Flapping
clubbing

66
Q

TB confirmatory Ix

A 
tuberculin skin prick test
Blood cultures
CXR
Sputum sample and ziel-neelsen
interferon gamma assay (secondary test following tuberculin test)
67
Q

pleural effusion Vs lung collapse

A

Trachea

  • Effusion pushed away
  • Collapse pulls
68
Q

How can statins cause AKI

A

Rhabdomialysis

69
Q

In sepsis why tachypnoeic

A

metabolic acidosis

70
Q

Todds paresis

A

Ddx of stroke, seen after seizure

71
Q

inc Gadolinium uptake

A

tumour
Demyelination
Abscess
Haemorrhage

72
Q

How to remember tests

A

Can’t bloody imagine looking fresh

Culture 
Blood
Imaging
Scope/biopsy
Functional (specialty specific eg lung function)

Final (26 decks)

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