paper 3 Flashcards
Name the three antipsychotic drugs used for biological treatments for Schizophrenia
Chlorpromazine, Clozapine and Risperidone.
One strength and one limitation of Chlorpromazine
S- Fewer Hallucinations
T- Sedative (hard to tell if patients actually getting better or just drowsy)
one S and one L of Clozapine
S- Fewer hallucinations and improved mood/lowered anxiety (v powerful)
T- Can die (Agranulocytosis)
One S and one L of Risperidone
S- Way fewer hallucinations + improved mood
L- Not as effective as Clozapine
What do drug therapies do
Affect levels of neurotransmitters in the brain e.g. serotonin
Describe antipsychotics
Syrups, pills and injections, can be typical or atypical
which drug therapy(s) is/are atypical
Clozapine and Risperidone
which drug therapy/s is/are typical
Chlorpromazine
Study supporting typical treatments (chlorpromazine)
Thornley et. al- compared chlorpromazine to placebos and found it was effective
study supporting atypical antipsychotics (clozapine)
Meltzer- found clozapine was more effective than typical psychotics as it worked in 40% of treatment cases where atypical treatments failed.
evaluate the support for drug therapies
- Sedatives make people drowsy creating the appearance of reduced symptoms etc when in actual fact there’s no evidence of it doing anything.
- Research for the effectiveness is funded by drug companies so is potentially biased.
name side effects of antipsychotics
- itchy skin and sleepiness (mild)
2. agranulocytosis and NMS (severe)
what do some people argue antipsychotics do ?
make life easier for staff taking care of Schizophrenic patients and an abuse of human rights (typical ones that act as sedatives e.g. chlorpromazine)
What is the psychological explanation for SZ
Family dysfunction
What are the 3 aspects of family dysfunction and what do they mean
- Schizophregenic mother- a cold, controlling and rejecting mother and a passive father that causes a stressful atmosphere and psychotic thinking.
- Double Binding- Saying contrasting things that causes paranoia and disorganised thinking.
- Expressed emotion- Verbal interactions that can be hostile or accusing e.g. it’s such a burden for me to take care of you or you’re a waste of space
Eval for family dysfunction
- Butzlaff and Hooley- meta analysis of 27 studies (27 cluuuub) that showed people are more likely to regain SZ after recovery if they go into a family with high expressed emotion.
another eval for family dysfunction
Tienari- found 5.8% of infants adopted into psychologically healthy families developed SZ whereas 36.8% of babies adopted into dysfunctional families developed SZ
cognitive explanations
- Meta representation (ability to reflect on own thoughts and behaviours. Allowing insight and understanding to our goals and understanding of others.
- Central control, Cognitive ability to suppress responses e.g. seeing a door handle and wanting to open it. Can also happen verbally.
Eval for cognitive explanations
- Firth et al, brain scans showed black of blood flow to the frontal cortex causing lack of central control (motor cortex which controls voluntary movement)
Eval 2 for cognitive explanations
Stirling- colour test (like in primary with Matt Wilde, it requires central control to not just shout out the colour of the words and so SZpatients couldn’t perform this as well as healthy patients on average.
what are the 3 psychological therapies
CBT, family therapies and token economies
what is the interactionist approach
the theory that vulnerability AND exposure lead to SZ not just one or the other (diathesis stress model)
