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Emmanuel College Chemistry > Paper 2- Unit 7b Organic reactions (Triple Only) > Flashcards

Paper 2- Unit 7b Organic reactions (Triple Only) Flashcards

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1
Q

General formula for an alkene

A

Cn H2n

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2
Q

Test for an alkene

A

Add bromine water

goes orange to colourless

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3
Q

Alkenes are…

A

unsaturated hydrocarbons

containing C=C bonds

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4
Q

Alkene + oxygen –>

A

Alkene + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water

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5
Q

Alkenes burn with a smoky flame due to…

A

incomplete combustion

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6
Q

What is incomplete combustion?

A

when there is little oxygen

to burn with a fuel

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7
Q

Alkenes react with hydrogen to produce

A

Alkanes

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8
Q

Alkenes react with halogens to produce

A

Halogenoalkanes

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9
Q

What is the name of reaction when a substance is added to the alkene double bond?

A

Addition

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10
Q

What is an addition reaction?

A

When a substances is added

to the C=C of an alkane

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11
Q

Alkene + water (steam) –>

A

Alkene + water (steam) –> Alcohol

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12
Q

Name this reaction

ethene + water (steam) –> ethanol

A

Hydration of ethene

to produce ethanol

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13
Q

How do alkenes reaction?

A

C=C bond is broken

addition reactions

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14
Q

What is the functional group of an alcohol?

A

-OH

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15
Q

Which type of compounds has the group -OH

A

alcohol

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16
Q

Which type of compound has the group C=C

A

alkene

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17
Q

What is the functional group of an alkene?

A

C=C

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18
Q

2 ways to produce ethanol

A

Fermentation of glucose

hydration of ethene

19
Q

Name the reaction

Glucose –> ethanol

A

Fermentation

20
Q

Conditions of fermentation

A

Glucose

mixed with yeast

at 37 oC

anerobically

21
Q

Conditions of hydration of ethene

A

Steam (water vapour)

high temperature

with a catalyst (phosphoric acid)

22
Q

Name the first 4 alcohols

A

methanol
ethanol
propanol
butanol

23
Q

Alcohol + oxygen –>

A

Alcohol + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water

24
Q

Alcohol oxidised to produce

A

carboxylic acids

25
Q

Functional group of a carboxylic acid

A

-COOH

26
Q

Which compounds has the functional group -COOH?

A

Carboxylic acids

27
Q

Name the first 4 carboxylic acids

A

methanoic acid
ethanoic acid
propanoic acid
butanoic acid

28
Q

Carboxylic acid + carbonate –>

A

Carboxylic acid + carbonate –>

salt + water + carbon dioxide

29
Q

Carboxylic acid + alcohol–>

A

Carboxylic acid + alcohol–> ester + water

30
Q

Ethanol + ethanoic acid –>

A

Ethyl Ethanoate

31
Q

Carboxylic acids are weak acids because…

A

They only partially ionise in water

not all H+ ions are dissociated

32
Q

Ethene polymerises to make

A

poly(ethene)

33
Q

Propene polymerisaes to make

A

poly(propene)

34
Q

Define addition polymerisation

A

many monomers (small molecules)

join (react)

to form a polymer (large molecule)

35
Q

monomer

A

small molecule

36
Q

polymer

A

very large molecule

37
Q

Why do polymers have higher melting points than monomers?

A

polymers

have stronger intermolecular forces

between the molecules

as they are bigger/more atoms

38
Q

Common natural polymers of

glucose
amino acid
nucleotide
glucose (in plants)

A

Common natural polymers of

glucose- starch
amino acid- protein
nucleotide- DNA
glucose (in plants)- cellulose

39
Q

Condensation polymerisation

A

monomers with two functional groups

react to produce a polymer

losing a small molecule

40
Q

Amino acids react to prdouce

A

proteins (polypeptides)

41
Q

DNA stands for

A

Deoxyribosenucleic acid

42
Q

monomer of DNA

A

nucleotides

43
Q

Describe the structure of DNA

A

Two polymer strands

in a double helix

held together by hydrogen bonds

44
Q

What is DNA?

A

Naturally occurring polymer

that encodes genetic instruction

in living organisms and viruses

Emmanuel College Chemistry (15 decks)

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