Paper 2 - Bristol Flashcards
Where is Bristol located?
Bristol is located on the south-west coast in England.
Give 3 reasons why Bristol is of regional importance.
Reasons include:
- Education: Two universities
- Religion: Two cathedrals; Bristol (Anglican) and Clifton (Roman Catholic)
- Industry: Largest concentration of silicon chip manufacture outside of California
- Tourism: UK’s 8th most visited city
- Culture & Entertainment: Several music theatres and venues, such as the Bristol Old Vic theatre, as well as home to Aardman, creators of Wallace and Grommit
Give 2 reasons why Bristol is of international importance.
Reasons include:
- Strategic position along the M4 and M5, with rail links acting as a hub to the rest of England
- Airport and ferry links to Europe and the USA
- Bristol University attracts students from all over the world
- Inward investment, including from the FDI in manufacturing, finance and hi-tech
Give 3 positives of migration into Bristol.
Positives include:
- Migrants part of a hard-working, motivated workforce
- Enriches the city’s cultural life
- Mainly young migrants balance ageing populating
- Contributes to both national and international economy
- Improving the skill levels of workers where there are shortages
Give 2 negatives of migration into Bristol.
Negatives include:
- Migrants need to integrate into the wider community
- Need to provide education for children whose first language is not English
- Pressures on housing and employment
What are Bristol’s cultural opportunities?
Vibrant underground music scene, range of nightclubs and bars. Venues such as the Colston Hakk, The Bristol Old Vic, The Bristol Hippodrome and the old Tobacco Factory provide a wide range of entertainment.
What was the name of Bristol’s new out-of-town retail park?
The name of Bristol’s new out-of-town retail park is called Cribbs Causeway.
What problems did the new out-of-town retail park in Bristol cause?
Shops and businesses were closed down in the city centre as rents were cheaper in the out-of-town park as well as increased foot traffic, causing a ‘dead heart’ in the city.
Give 3 ways in which Bristol improved Broadmead and the CBD to encourage people to shop there.
Methods included:
- Pedestrialising the area
- Installing CCTV
- Increasing the attractiveness of the area with new street furniture, plants and landscape
- Improving public transport into the centre (Park and Ride)
- Promoting tourism to encourage greater spending
- Making the Old Market area into a conservation area
How much did the Cabot Circus development in 2008 cost? What activities are present there?
Cabot Circus cost £500 million to build. Shops and leisure take up 2/3 of the development, but there are also offices, a cinema, a hotel and 250 apartments.
Give 3 reasons why high-tech industries developed in Bristol.
Reasons include:
- Government grant of £100 million to become a “Super Connected City”
- Close links between the council and the universities
- An educated and skilled workforce
- Advanced research at the university
- Different industries collaborating on R&D
- A clean and non-polluted environment
How many people does the Defence Procurement Agency employ?
The Defence Procurement Agency employs over 10,000 people.
Why was and when did the construction of Bradley Stoke begin and how many people does it house?
The Defence Procurement Agency increased the demand for housing, so the construction of Bradley Stoke started in 1980, housing over 21,000 people.
When did Bristol become the European Green Capital?
Bristol became the European Green Capital in 2015.
Give 3 ways Bristol plans to improve its environment.
Methods include:
- Improve energy efficiency; reduce energy use by 30% and CO2 emissions by 40% by 2020
- Increase the use of renewables from 2%
- Reduce water pollution by improved monitoring and maintenance
- Establish an Air Quality Management plan
- Increase the use of brownfield sites for development
Give 3 things Bristol did in its first year as European Green Capital.
Methods include:
- Increase the number of jobs in low-carbon industries from 9,000 to 17,000 by 2030
- 175 businesses created a ‘Green’ action plan
- Events such as an international festival on green technology hosted
- The first 100 electric car charging points installed in the city
- Every primary pupil in Bristol planted a tree
Why was an integrated transport system needed in Bristol?
In 2012, Bristol was the second most congested city in the UK - rush hour journeys took ~1/3 longer than at other points in the day.
What is the ITS in Bristol and what was its aim?
The ITS was the linking of all the different forms of transport in Bristol, with the intention of making journeys smoother and encourage people to use public transport, to reduce traffic congestion and air pollution.
What is the Rapid Transport Network?
The Rapid Transport Network is 3 bus routes linking the Temple Meads railway station and the city’s park and rides.
How much of Bristol is green space? How much of the population lives 350m close to a parkland or waterway?
1/3 of Bristol is green space, with over 90% population living 350m close to a parkland or waterway.
What are 2 green initiatives Bristol has?
Green initiatives include:
- Sites of Nature Conservation (SNC1) to be raised to top conservation condition by 2026
- 27% of the city to be part of a wildlife network
- Objectives set for wildlife in non-natural habitats
- 30% of the city to be covered in trees
What are the 2 environmental challenges in Bristol?
The two environmental challenges in Bristol are dereliction and urban sprawl.
What is an example of dereliction in Bristol?
Stokes Croft is an example of dereliction in Bristol.
What is being done to improve Stokes Crofts in Bristol?
There are two main opposing groups to improving Stokes Croft:
The City Council received lottery grants to help improve the area’s poor economic activity and environmental decay by directly refurbishing derelict buildings into new offices and apartments.
Locals, activists and artists wanted to revitalise the area through community action and public art, with art galleries, independent shops and controlled graffiti art.
