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Computing > Paper 2 > Flashcards

Paper 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What types of test data is there

A

Erroneous data - data which should be rejected

invalid data - data of the correct type but outside accepted validation limits

No data - no data entered

Normal data - Data should be accepted without causing errors

Boundary data - data is correct type that is on either edge of accepted validated data

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2
Q

What is final/terminal testing

A

-Testing once the program is finished

-Testing all the modules work together

-Testing is user friendly

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3
Q

What is iterative testing

A

Testing as the program is being written

Checks new modules so they do not introduce errors into existing code

Tests to ensure the program handles erroneous data

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4
Q

What is the purpose of testing

A

-No bugs in the code

-Acceptable performance and usability

-Program meets requirements

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5
Q

How can a code be maintained

A

-Use of functions, reduce duplicate code

-Meaningful variable names

-Comments to explain complex code

-Use of white space

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6
Q

What is a logic error

A

Program runs but not how you want, does not produce the expected output

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7
Q

What is a syntax error

A

Where the code is written incorrectly, missed a () and will not run

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8
Q

What are the types of checks

A

type check - checks if its the correct data type

range check - checks if input is within range

presence check - has all the data been entered

format check - is the data in the correct format

length check - appropriate length e.g. national insurance number

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9
Q

what do IDE’s do

A

Highlights syntax errors

automatic indentations

executes and runs code

identifies functions

change font and colour

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10
Q

What is an IDE

A

Integrated development environments

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11
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of interpreters

A

Advantages
-Easy to write source code
-Easier to try out commands
-More detailed error messages

Disadvantages
-Slower to execute
-Code is not optimised
-Source code must be available

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12
Q

What is concatenation

A

Joining two strings together

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13
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of compilers

A

Advantages
-Faster to execute
-Source code can be kept secret
-Code is usually optimised

Disadvantages
-Code needs to be recompiled after any changes
-Designed for a specific type of processor

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14
Q

What do translators do

A

Translates programming language into machine code

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15
Q

Why might high level language not be executed as quick

A

It is dependent on clock speed

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16
Q

What does a compiler translator do

A

Takes all the code, translates it and executes it

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17
Q

What is an interprer translator

A

Translates a line at a time and executes

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18
Q

What is assembly language

A

Low level programming language that uses mnemonics to represent machine code instructions

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19
Q

What are characteristics of low level language

A

Assembly is translated by a assembler

Machine code is executable binary code

Difficult to understand

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20
Q

What is an example of low level language

A

Assembly language

machine code

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21
Q

What are characteristics of high level programming language

A

Translated using a compiler or interpreter

Quicker to type

Close to written english

Easy to understand

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22
Q

What are examples of a high level language

A

Python, Java

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23
Q

What is an array

A

An array is a group of data items of the same data type which is stored under one identifier in contiguous memory locations

24
Q

What is an input validation

A

Checking that the data inputed by the user meets specific criteria before processing

e.g. checking an email is real by seeing if it has an @

e.g. checking if the DOB is in the correct format

25
Q

OR gate truth table

A

10 = 1
11 = 1
01 = 1
00 = 0

26
Q

AND gate truth table

A

10 = 0
11 = 1
01 = 0
00 = 0

27
Q

NOT gate truth table

A

1 = 0
0 = 1

28
Q

How do you use SQL

A

SELECT
FROM
WHERE

29
Q

Advantages of using subroutines

A

-Breaks down or decomposing a large problem into sub tasks

-each subroutine can be tested separately

-Subroutines can be used several times through the program

-Subroutines can be stored in a subroutine library and used in different programs

30
Q

Why are subroutines used

A

-Breaks code down into smaller problems

-Speeds up coding time

-Simplifies testing

-Reduces lines of code

31
Q

What are the two types of subroutines

A

Functions
Procedures

32
Q

What is the difference between a function and a procedure

A

A function returns a value, have to return it at the end

33
Q

What is casting

A

Changing the type of variable value from one to another

int() float() str()

34
Q

What is MOD

A

MOD gives the remainder of integer division

13 MOD 3 = 1

35
Q

What is DIV

A

It is integer division

13 DIV 3 = 4

36
Q

What is a constant

A

A variable which stays the same
e.g. pie

37
Q

What is a boolean

A

truth or false

38
Q

What is a string

A

zero or plus characters

39
Q

What is a character

A

A single character, letter, digit, punctuation

40
Q

What is a real or a float

A

A decimal

41
Q

What is an integer

A

A whole number

42
Q

While loops

A

condition controlled

43
Q

for loop

A

count controlled

44
Q

What is iteration

A

Using loops:

For loops
While loops
repeat or do loops

45
Q

What is selection

A

Using if statements:

-if..then…else statements
-if…then statements
-if…else statements

46
Q

What is sequence

A

Matter of writing down the steps in the order they need to happen

47
Q

What is a merge sort

A

-A two stage sort

-First stage list is divided into half, continously until the sublists length is one

-The second stage each pair of sublists is repeatedly merged to produce sublists, until their is only one remaining

48
Q

What is an insertion sort

A

-Sorts one data item at a time

-Algorithm takes one data item from the list and places it in the correct location in the list

-This process is repeated till their is no more unsorted data items

-More efficient than the bubble sort not as efficient as the merge sort

49
Q

What is bubble sort

A

-Repeatedly going through the list to be sorted

-Compared each pair of adjecent elements

-If the elements are in the wrong order they are switched

50
Q

What are three types of algorithms for sorting data

A

-Bubble sort

-Insertion sort

-Merge sort

51
Q

What is binary search

A

-For sorted data

-Repeatedly divides the portion of the data which could contain the required item in half

-Splits it in half and sees if the data number is bigger or smaller than the required number and gets rid of half the data accordingly

52
Q

What is linear search

A

-For unsorted data

-Starts from the beginning and looks at every item until you find the one you want

-could be quick or take a long time

53
Q

What are two search algorithms

A

Linear search

Binary search

54
Q

What is algorithmic thinking

A

The series of steps the program has to perform to solve the problem

55
Q

What is decomposition

A

Breaking down a problem into smaller, simplier steps

-makes problems easier to solve

56
Q

What is abstraction

A

removing unnecessary detail from a problem in order to solve it

Computing (9 decks)

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