Paper 1 - Rivers Flashcards
What is a drainage basin?
An area of land where all flowing surface water converges to a certain point.
How does the cross profile of a river change downstream?
At the source of the river is in a V-shape position, the further down the the channel the wider and deeper it got.
What is the difference between vertical and lateral erosion?
Vertical erosion is the erosion downwards making the channel deeper and lateral erosion is erosion side to side making the channel wider.
Name the 4 processes of erosion
Hydraulic Action
Abrasion
Attrition
Solution
Name the 4 processes of transportation
Saltation
Traction
Solution
Suspension
When does deposition take place?
When the velocity of the river decreases, energy is reduced and the river can’t hold as much material.
Name 2 landforms of river erosion
Interlocking spurs
Waterfalls
Gorges
Name a river landform created by erosion and deposition
Meanders
Oxbow lames
Name a river landform created by deposition
Levees
What is our case study of a river in the UK?
The river Tees
What does the lag time illustrate on a flood hydrograph?
The time taken between between peak rainfall and peak discharge
List 3 things that result in the lag time decreasing
Previous heavy rainfall
Drainage basin shape
Waterlogged ground
Name 2 human and 2 physical causes of flooding
Physical - prolonged rainfall, soil and rock type
Human - urbanisation, deforestation
Where is River Tees located?
North East England, drains the Eastern slopes of Cross Fell in the Pennines, flows Eastward to the North Sea. The length of channel from the source to the sea is approximately 160km.
Why was the River Tees Management needed?
The area receives over 2,000 millimetres of rain each year. Due to the impermeable rock type and steep slopes, there is lots of flooding along the River Tees. Almost 24,000 people are at risk of flooding around the Tees area.
